[macOS] Multi-view thread synchronizer (#41915)

This PR adapts `FlutterThreadSynchronizer` to multi-view.

### Problem
The `FlutterThreadSynchronizer` is a macOS engine class to ensure that, if the current window is resized, nothing will not be presented until the layer tree is drawn with the up-to-date size. 

This class is not compatible with multiview. A simple way to realize it is: while the class is owned by `FlutterView`, it blocks the _global_ platform thread and rasterizer thread - there is got to be some problems. Indeed, when I was testing with multiple windows (https://github.com/flutter/engine/pull/40399), the app freezes as soon as I resize a window.

The problem is because Flutter only have one rasterizer thread. When I'm resizing window A, A's synchronizer detects that the size mismatches, so it blocks the rasterizer thread to wait for an updated content with the updated size. However, window B is to be rendered next, and B's size matches and will try to rasterize, and will be blocked due to the blocked rasterizer thread, window A's updated content will never arrive, causing a deadlock.

### Changes
This PR removes the single-view assumption of `FlutterThreadSynchronizer` by making it created by `FlutterEngine` and shared by all `FlutterView`s, and that it prevents rasterization for all views if any view has a mismatched size.

The synchronizer is assigned to the view controller in the `attachToEngine:withId` method (now renamed to `setUpWithEngine:viewId:threadSynchronizer:`.

This PR also adds unit tests for `FlutterThreadSynchronizer`, which didn't have any unit tests at all.
* To achieve this, the `beginResizeForView:` method no longer checks whether  is called on the main thread, but whether it's called on the main queue. These are equivalent for the real main queue, since the documentation promises that the main queue always executes on the main thread. However, this change allows substituting the queue with a custom one for unit tests.

[C++, Objective-C, Java style guides]: https://github.com/flutter/engine/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#style
13 files changed
tree: ff5fda4cb2c35b05de0e0342e591581a02728615
  1. .github/
  2. assets/
  3. benchmarking/
  4. build/
  5. ci/
  6. common/
  7. display_list/
  8. docs/
  9. examples/
  10. flow/
  11. flutter_frontend_server/
  12. flutter_vma/
  13. fml/
  14. impeller/
  15. lib/
  16. runtime/
  17. shell/
  18. sky/
  19. testing/
  20. third_party/
  21. tools/
  22. vulkan/
  23. wasm/
  24. web_sdk/
  25. .ci.yaml
  26. .clang-format
  27. .clang-tidy
  28. .gitattributes
  29. .gitignore
  30. .pylintrc
  31. .style.yapf
  32. analysis_options.yaml
  33. AUTHORS
  34. BUILD.gn
  35. CODEOWNERS
  36. CONTRIBUTING.md
  37. DEPS
  38. Doxyfile
  39. LICENSE
  40. README.md
README.md

Flutter Engine

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