Tests for Engine ensuring debug-mode apps are attached on iOS. (#37043)

This PR contains the tests for flutter/engine#10186.

dev/devicelab/manifest.yaml

diff --git a/dev/devicelab/manifest.yaml b/dev/devicelab/manifest.yaml
index c9cad44..6e8e026 100644
--- a/dev/devicelab/manifest.yaml
+++ b/dev/devicelab/manifest.yaml
@@ -496,6 +496,14 @@
     required_agent_capabilities: ["mac/ios"]
     timeout_in_minutes: 20
 
+  system_debug_ios:
+    description: >
+      Tests that the Engine correctly initializes the system debugger for debug-mode iOS apps.
+    stage: devicelab_ios
+    required_agent_capabilities: ["mac/ios"]
+    timeout_in_minutes: 10
+    flaky: true
+
   ios_sample_catalog_generator:
     description: >
       Builds sample catalog markdown pages and iOS screenshots