[flutter_tools] add support for enable null safety asserts (#61114)

Enable null safety asserts for web debug mode. This induces runtime asserts at the boundaries between null safe and non-null safe libraries. Adds integration test that validates assertion error is thrown.

#61042
diff --git a/dev/bots/test.dart b/dev/bots/test.dart
index 1579b6a..9180a60 100644
--- a/dev/bots/test.dart
+++ b/dev/bots/test.dart
@@ -746,6 +746,7 @@
   await _runWebDebugTest('lib/stack_trace.dart');
   await _runWebDebugTest('lib/web_directory_loading.dart');
   await _runWebDebugTest('test/test.dart');
+  await _runWebDebugTest('lib/null_assert_main.dart', enableNullSafety: true);
   await _runWebDebugTest('lib/null_safe_main.dart', enableNullSafety: true);
   await _runWebDebugTest('lib/web_define_loading.dart',
     additionalArguments: <String>[