Rebase ios-experimental onto main (#173804)

Rebase ios-experimental branch onto main. This will make the PRs
experimenting with newer versions of Xcode (like
https://github.com/flutter/flutter/pull/173123) smaller and easier to
reason about.

Rebases #168860 and #170274
```
$ git rebase main -Xtheirs
```

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4317 files changed