/*
 * Copyright © 2012,2017  Google, Inc.
 *
 *  This is part of HarfBuzz, a text shaping library.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, without written agreement and without
 * license or royalty fees, to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
 * software and its documentation for any purpose, provided that the
 * above copyright notice and the following two paragraphs appear in
 * all copies of this software.
 *
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR
 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
 * ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN
 * IF THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
 * DAMAGE.
 *
 * THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS
 * ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER HAS NO OBLIGATION TO
 * PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.
 *
 * Google Author(s): Behdad Esfahbod
 */

#ifndef HB_SET_HH
#define HB_SET_HH

#include "hb.hh"
#include "hb-machinery.hh"


/*
 * hb_set_t
 */

/* TODO Keep a free-list so we can free pages that are completely zeroed.  At that
 * point maybe also use a sentinel value for "all-1" pages? */

struct hb_set_t
{
  HB_DELETE_COPY_ASSIGN (hb_set_t);
  hb_set_t ()  { init (); }
  ~hb_set_t () { fini (); }

  struct page_map_t
  {
    int cmp (const page_map_t &o) const { return (int) o.major - (int) major; }

    uint32_t major;
    uint32_t index;
  };

  struct page_t
  {
    void init0 () { v.clear (); }
    void init1 () { v.clear (0xFF); }

    unsigned int len () const
    { return ARRAY_LENGTH_CONST (v); }

    bool is_empty () const
    {
      for (unsigned int i = 0; i < len (); i++)
	if (v[i])
	  return false;
      return true;
    }

    void add (hb_codepoint_t g) { elt (g) |= mask (g); }
    void del (hb_codepoint_t g) { elt (g) &= ~mask (g); }
    bool get (hb_codepoint_t g) const { return elt (g) & mask (g); }

    void add_range (hb_codepoint_t a, hb_codepoint_t b)
    {
      elt_t *la = &elt (a);
      elt_t *lb = &elt (b);
      if (la == lb)
	*la |= (mask (b) << 1) - mask(a);
      else
      {
	*la |= ~(mask (a) - 1);
	la++;

	memset (la, 0xff, (char *) lb - (char *) la);

	*lb |= ((mask (b) << 1) - 1);
      }
    }

    void del_range (hb_codepoint_t a, hb_codepoint_t b)
    {
      elt_t *la = &elt (a);
      elt_t *lb = &elt (b);
      if (la == lb)
	*la &= ~((mask (b) << 1) - mask(a));
      else
      {
	*la &= mask (a) - 1;
	la++;

	memset (la, 0, (char *) lb - (char *) la);

	*lb &= ~((mask (b) << 1) - 1);
      }
    }

    bool is_equal (const page_t *other) const
    {
      return 0 == hb_memcmp (&v, &other->v, sizeof (v));
    }

    unsigned int get_population () const
    {
      unsigned int pop = 0;
      for (unsigned int i = 0; i < len (); i++)
	pop += hb_popcount (v[i]);
      return pop;
    }

    bool next (hb_codepoint_t *codepoint) const
    {
      unsigned int m = (*codepoint + 1) & MASK;
      if (!m)
      {
	*codepoint = INVALID;
	return false;
      }
      unsigned int i = m / ELT_BITS;
      unsigned int j = m & ELT_MASK;

      const elt_t vv = v[i] & ~((elt_t (1) << j) - 1);
      for (const elt_t *p = &vv; i < len (); p = &v[++i])
	if (*p)
	{
	  *codepoint = i * ELT_BITS + elt_get_min (*p);
	  return true;
	}

      *codepoint = INVALID;
      return false;
    }
    bool previous (hb_codepoint_t *codepoint) const
    {
      unsigned int m = (*codepoint - 1) & MASK;
      if (m == MASK)
      {
	*codepoint = INVALID;
	return false;
      }
      unsigned int i = m / ELT_BITS;
      unsigned int j = m & ELT_MASK;

      /* Fancy mask to avoid shifting by elt_t bitsize, which is undefined. */
      const elt_t mask = j < 8 * sizeof (elt_t) - 1 ?
			 ((elt_t (1) << (j + 1)) - 1) :
			 (elt_t) -1;
      const elt_t vv = v[i] & mask;
      const elt_t *p = &vv;
      while (true)
      {
	if (*p)
	{
	  *codepoint = i * ELT_BITS + elt_get_max (*p);
	  return true;
	}
	if ((int) i <= 0) break;
	p = &v[--i];
      }

      *codepoint = INVALID;
      return false;
    }
    hb_codepoint_t get_min () const
    {
      for (unsigned int i = 0; i < len (); i++)
	if (v[i])
	  return i * ELT_BITS + elt_get_min (v[i]);
      return INVALID;
    }
    hb_codepoint_t get_max () const
    {
      for (int i = len () - 1; i >= 0; i--)
	if (v[i])
	  return i * ELT_BITS + elt_get_max (v[i]);
      return 0;
    }

    typedef unsigned long long elt_t;
    static constexpr unsigned PAGE_BITS = 512;
    static_assert ((PAGE_BITS & ((PAGE_BITS) - 1)) == 0, "");

    static unsigned int elt_get_min (const elt_t &elt) { return hb_ctz (elt); }
    static unsigned int elt_get_max (const elt_t &elt) { return hb_bit_storage (elt) - 1; }

    typedef hb_vector_size_t<elt_t, PAGE_BITS / 8> vector_t;

    static constexpr unsigned ELT_BITS = sizeof (elt_t) * 8;
    static constexpr unsigned ELT_MASK = ELT_BITS - 1;
    static constexpr unsigned BITS = sizeof (vector_t) * 8;
    static constexpr unsigned MASK = BITS - 1;
    static_assert ((unsigned) PAGE_BITS == (unsigned) BITS, "");

    elt_t &elt (hb_codepoint_t g) { return v[(g & MASK) / ELT_BITS]; }
    elt_t const &elt (hb_codepoint_t g) const { return v[(g & MASK) / ELT_BITS]; }
    elt_t mask (hb_codepoint_t g) const { return elt_t (1) << (g & ELT_MASK); }

    vector_t v;
  };
  static_assert (page_t::PAGE_BITS == sizeof (page_t) * 8, "");

  hb_object_header_t header;
  bool successful; /* Allocations successful */
  mutable unsigned int population;
  hb_sorted_vector_t<page_map_t> page_map;
  hb_vector_t<page_t> pages;

  void init_shallow ()
  {
    successful = true;
    population = 0;
    page_map.init ();
    pages.init ();
  }
  void init ()
  {
    hb_object_init (this);
    init_shallow ();
  }
  void fini_shallow ()
  {
    population = 0;
    page_map.fini ();
    pages.fini ();
  }
  void fini ()
  {
    hb_object_fini (this);
    fini_shallow ();
  }

  bool in_error () const { return !successful; }

  bool resize (unsigned int count)
  {
    if (unlikely (!successful)) return false;
    if (!pages.resize (count) || !page_map.resize (count))
    {
      pages.resize (page_map.length);
      successful = false;
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  void reset ()
  {
    if (unlikely (hb_object_is_immutable (this)))
      return;
    clear ();
    successful = true;
  }

  void clear ()
  {
    if (unlikely (hb_object_is_immutable (this)))
      return;
    population = 0;
    page_map.resize (0);
    pages.resize (0);
  }
  bool is_empty () const
  {
    unsigned int count = pages.length;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
      if (!pages[i].is_empty ())
	return false;
    return true;
  }

  void dirty () { population = UINT_MAX; }

  void add (hb_codepoint_t g)
  {
    if (unlikely (!successful)) return;
    if (unlikely (g == INVALID)) return;
    dirty ();
    page_t *page = page_for_insert (g); if (unlikely (!page)) return;
    page->add (g);
  }
  bool add_range (hb_codepoint_t a, hb_codepoint_t b)
  {
    if (unlikely (!successful)) return true; /* https://github.com/harfbuzz/harfbuzz/issues/657 */
    if (unlikely (a > b || a == INVALID || b == INVALID)) return false;
    dirty ();
    unsigned int ma = get_major (a);
    unsigned int mb = get_major (b);
    if (ma == mb)
    {
      page_t *page = page_for_insert (a); if (unlikely (!page)) return false;
      page->add_range (a, b);
    }
    else
    {
      page_t *page = page_for_insert (a); if (unlikely (!page)) return false;
      page->add_range (a, major_start (ma + 1) - 1);

      for (unsigned int m = ma + 1; m < mb; m++)
      {
	page = page_for_insert (major_start (m)); if (unlikely (!page)) return false;
	page->init1 ();
      }

      page = page_for_insert (b); if (unlikely (!page)) return false;
      page->add_range (major_start (mb), b);
    }
    return true;
  }

  template <typename T>
  void add_array (const T *array, unsigned int count, unsigned int stride=sizeof(T))
  {
    if (unlikely (!successful)) return;
    if (!count) return;
    dirty ();
    hb_codepoint_t g = *array;
    while (count)
    {
      unsigned int m = get_major (g);
      page_t *page = page_for_insert (g); if (unlikely (!page)) return;
      unsigned int start = major_start (m);
      unsigned int end = major_start (m + 1);
      do
      {
	page->add (g);

	array = &StructAtOffsetUnaligned<T> (array, stride);
	count--;
      }
      while (count && (g = *array, start <= g && g < end));
    }
  }

  /* Might return false if array looks unsorted.
   * Used for faster rejection of corrupt data. */
  template <typename T>
  bool add_sorted_array (const T *array, unsigned int count, unsigned int stride=sizeof(T))
  {
    if (unlikely (!successful)) return true; /* https://github.com/harfbuzz/harfbuzz/issues/657 */
    if (!count) return true;
    dirty ();
    hb_codepoint_t g = *array;
    hb_codepoint_t last_g = g;
    while (count)
    {
      unsigned int m = get_major (g);
      page_t *page = page_for_insert (g); if (unlikely (!page)) return false;
      unsigned int end = major_start (m + 1);
      do
      {
	/* If we try harder we can change the following comparison to <=;
	 * Not sure if it's worth it. */
	if (g < last_g) return false;
	last_g = g;
	page->add (g);

	array = (const T *) ((const char *) array + stride);
	count--;
      }
      while (count && (g = *array, g < end));
    }
    return true;
  }

  void del (hb_codepoint_t g)
  {
    /* TODO perform op even if !successful. */
    if (unlikely (!successful)) return;
    page_t *page = page_for (g);
    if (!page)
      return;
    dirty ();
    page->del (g);
  }

  private:
  void del_pages (int ds, int de)
  {
    if (ds <= de)
    {
      unsigned int write_index = 0;
      for (unsigned int i = 0; i < page_map.length; i++)
      {
	int m = (int) page_map[i].major;
	if (m < ds || de < m)
	  page_map[write_index++] = page_map[i];
      }
      compact (write_index);
      resize (write_index);
    }
  }

  public:
  void del_range (hb_codepoint_t a, hb_codepoint_t b)
  {
    /* TODO perform op even if !successful. */
    if (unlikely (!successful)) return;
    if (unlikely (a > b || a == INVALID || b == INVALID)) return;
    dirty ();
    unsigned int ma = get_major (a);
    unsigned int mb = get_major (b);
    /* Delete pages from ds through de if ds <= de. */
    int ds = (a == major_start (ma))? (int) ma: (int) (ma + 1);
    int de = (b + 1 == major_start (mb + 1))? (int) mb: ((int) mb - 1);
    if (ds > de || (int) ma < ds)
    {
      page_t *page = page_for (a);
      if (page)
      {
	if (ma == mb)
	  page->del_range (a, b);
	else
	  page->del_range (a, major_start (ma + 1) - 1);
      }
    }
    if (de < (int) mb && ma != mb)
    {
      page_t *page = page_for (b);
      if (page)
	page->del_range (major_start (mb), b);
    }
    del_pages (ds, de);
  }

  bool get (hb_codepoint_t g) const
  {
    const page_t *page = page_for (g);
    if (!page)
      return false;
    return page->get (g);
  }

  /* Has interface. */
  static constexpr bool SENTINEL = false;
  typedef bool value_t;
  value_t operator [] (hb_codepoint_t k) const { return get (k); }
  bool has (hb_codepoint_t k) const { return (*this)[k] != SENTINEL; }
  /* Predicate. */
  bool operator () (hb_codepoint_t k) const { return has (k); }

  /* Sink interface. */
  hb_set_t& operator << (hb_codepoint_t v) { add (v); return *this; }

  bool intersects (hb_codepoint_t first, hb_codepoint_t last) const
  {
    hb_codepoint_t c = first - 1;
    return next (&c) && c <= last;
  }
  void set (const hb_set_t *other)
  {
    if (unlikely (!successful)) return;
    unsigned int count = other->pages.length;
    if (!resize (count))
      return;
    population = other->population;
    memcpy ((void *) pages, (const void *) other->pages, count * pages.item_size);
    memcpy ((void *) page_map, (const void *) other->page_map, count * page_map.item_size);
  }

  bool is_equal (const hb_set_t *other) const
  {
    if (get_population () != other->get_population ())
      return false;

    unsigned int na = pages.length;
    unsigned int nb = other->pages.length;

    unsigned int a = 0, b = 0;
    for (; a < na && b < nb; )
    {
      if (page_at (a).is_empty ()) { a++; continue; }
      if (other->page_at (b).is_empty ()) { b++; continue; }
      if (page_map[a].major != other->page_map[b].major ||
	  !page_at (a).is_equal (&other->page_at (b)))
	return false;
      a++;
      b++;
    }
    for (; a < na; a++)
      if (!page_at (a).is_empty ()) { return false; }
    for (; b < nb; b++)
      if (!other->page_at (b).is_empty ()) { return false; }

    return true;
  }

  bool is_subset (const hb_set_t *larger_set) const
  {
    if (get_population () > larger_set->get_population ())
      return false;

    /* TODO Optimize to use pages. */
    hb_codepoint_t c = INVALID;
    while (next (&c))
      if (!larger_set->has (c))
	return false;

    return true;
  }

  void compact (unsigned int length)
  {
    hb_vector_t<uint32_t> old_index_to_page_map_index;
    old_index_to_page_map_index.resize(pages.length);
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < old_index_to_page_map_index.length; i++)
      old_index_to_page_map_index[i] = 0xFFFFFFFF;

    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < length; i++)
      old_index_to_page_map_index[page_map[i].index] =  i;

    compact_pages (old_index_to_page_map_index);
  }

  void compact_pages (const hb_vector_t<uint32_t>& old_index_to_page_map_index)
  {
    unsigned int write_index = 0;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < pages.length; i++)
    {
      if (old_index_to_page_map_index[i] == 0xFFFFFFFF) continue;

      if (write_index < i)
        pages[write_index] = pages[i];

      page_map[old_index_to_page_map_index[i]].index = write_index;
      write_index++;
    }
  }

  template <typename Op>
  void process (const Op& op, const hb_set_t *other)
  {
    if (unlikely (!successful)) return;

    dirty ();

    unsigned int na = pages.length;
    unsigned int nb = other->pages.length;
    unsigned int next_page = na;

    unsigned int count = 0, newCount = 0;
    unsigned int a = 0, b = 0;
    unsigned int write_index = 0;
    for (; a < na && b < nb; )
    {
      if (page_map[a].major == other->page_map[b].major)
      {
        if (!Op::passthru_left)
        {
          // Move page_map entries that we're keeping from the left side set
          // to the front of the page_map vector. This isn't necessary if
          // passthru_left is set since no left side pages will be removed
          // in that case.
          if (write_index < a)
            page_map[write_index] = page_map[a];
          write_index++;
        }

	count++;
	a++;
	b++;
      }
      else if (page_map[a].major < other->page_map[b].major)
      {
	if (Op::passthru_left)
	  count++;
	a++;
      }
      else
      {
	if (Op::passthru_right)
	  count++;
	b++;
      }
    }
    if (Op::passthru_left)
      count += na - a;
    if (Op::passthru_right)
      count += nb - b;

    if (!Op::passthru_left)
    {
      na  = write_index;
      next_page = write_index;
      compact (write_index);
    }

    if (!resize (count))
      return;

    newCount = count;

    /* Process in-place backward. */
    a = na;
    b = nb;
    for (; a && b; )
    {
      if (page_map[a - 1].major == other->page_map[b - 1].major)
      {
	a--;
	b--;
	count--;
	page_map[count] = page_map[a];
	page_at (count).v = op (page_at (a).v, other->page_at (b).v);
      }
      else if (page_map[a - 1].major > other->page_map[b - 1].major)
      {
	a--;
	if (Op::passthru_left)
	{
	  count--;
	  page_map[count] = page_map[a];
	}
      }
      else
      {
	b--;
	if (Op::passthru_right)
	{
	  count--;
	  page_map[count].major = other->page_map[b].major;
	  page_map[count].index = next_page++;
	  page_at (count).v = other->page_at (b).v;
	}
      }
    }
    if (Op::passthru_left)
      while (a)
      {
	a--;
	count--;
	page_map[count] = page_map [a];
      }
    if (Op::passthru_right)
      while (b)
      {
	b--;
	count--;
	page_map[count].major = other->page_map[b].major;
	page_map[count].index = next_page++;
	page_at (count).v = other->page_at (b).v;
      }
    assert (!count);
    if (pages.length > newCount)
      resize (newCount);
  }

  void union_ (const hb_set_t *other)
  {
    process (hb_bitwise_or, other);
  }
  void intersect (const hb_set_t *other)
  {
    process (hb_bitwise_and, other);
  }
  void subtract (const hb_set_t *other)
  {
    process (hb_bitwise_sub, other);
  }
  void symmetric_difference (const hb_set_t *other)
  {
    process (hb_bitwise_xor, other);
  }
  bool next (hb_codepoint_t *codepoint) const
  {
    if (unlikely (*codepoint == INVALID)) {
      *codepoint = get_min ();
      return *codepoint != INVALID;
    }

    page_map_t map = {get_major (*codepoint), 0};
    unsigned int i;
    page_map.bfind (map, &i, HB_BFIND_NOT_FOUND_STORE_CLOSEST);
    if (i < page_map.length && page_map[i].major == map.major)
    {
      if (pages[page_map[i].index].next (codepoint))
      {
	*codepoint += page_map[i].major * page_t::PAGE_BITS;
	return true;
      }
      i++;
    }
    for (; i < page_map.length; i++)
    {
      hb_codepoint_t m = pages[page_map[i].index].get_min ();
      if (m != INVALID)
      {
	*codepoint = page_map[i].major * page_t::PAGE_BITS + m;
	return true;
      }
    }
    *codepoint = INVALID;
    return false;
  }
  bool previous (hb_codepoint_t *codepoint) const
  {
    if (unlikely (*codepoint == INVALID)) {
      *codepoint = get_max ();
      return *codepoint != INVALID;
    }

    page_map_t map = {get_major (*codepoint), 0};
    unsigned int i;
    page_map.bfind (map, &i, HB_BFIND_NOT_FOUND_STORE_CLOSEST);
    if (i < page_map.length && page_map[i].major == map.major)
    {
      if (pages[page_map[i].index].previous (codepoint))
      {
	*codepoint += page_map[i].major * page_t::PAGE_BITS;
	return true;
      }
    }
    i--;
    for (; (int) i >= 0; i--)
    {
      hb_codepoint_t m = pages[page_map[i].index].get_max ();
      if (m != INVALID)
      {
	*codepoint = page_map[i].major * page_t::PAGE_BITS + m;
	return true;
      }
    }
    *codepoint = INVALID;
    return false;
  }
  bool next_range (hb_codepoint_t *first, hb_codepoint_t *last) const
  {
    hb_codepoint_t i;

    i = *last;
    if (!next (&i))
    {
      *last = *first = INVALID;
      return false;
    }

    /* TODO Speed up. */
    *last = *first = i;
    while (next (&i) && i == *last + 1)
      (*last)++;

    return true;
  }
  bool previous_range (hb_codepoint_t *first, hb_codepoint_t *last) const
  {
    hb_codepoint_t i;

    i = *first;
    if (!previous (&i))
    {
      *last = *first = INVALID;
      return false;
    }

    /* TODO Speed up. */
    *last = *first = i;
    while (previous (&i) && i == *first - 1)
      (*first)--;

    return true;
  }

  unsigned int get_population () const
  {
    if (population != UINT_MAX)
      return population;

    unsigned int pop = 0;
    unsigned int count = pages.length;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
      pop += pages[i].get_population ();

    population = pop;
    return pop;
  }
  hb_codepoint_t get_min () const
  {
    unsigned int count = pages.length;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
      if (!page_at (i).is_empty ())
	return page_map[i].major * page_t::PAGE_BITS + page_at (i).get_min ();
    return INVALID;
  }
  hb_codepoint_t get_max () const
  {
    unsigned int count = pages.length;
    for (int i = count - 1; i >= 0; i++)
      if (!page_at (i).is_empty ())
	return page_map[(unsigned) i].major * page_t::PAGE_BITS + page_at (i).get_max ();
    return INVALID;
  }

  static constexpr hb_codepoint_t INVALID = HB_SET_VALUE_INVALID;

  /*
   * Iterator implementation.
   */
  struct iter_t : hb_iter_with_fallback_t<iter_t, hb_codepoint_t>
  {
    static constexpr bool is_sorted_iterator = true;
    iter_t (const hb_set_t &s_ = Null(hb_set_t),
	    bool init = true) : s (&s_), v (INVALID), l(0)
    {
      if (init)
      {
	l = s->get_population () + 1;
	__next__ ();
      }
    }

    typedef hb_codepoint_t __item_t__;
    hb_codepoint_t __item__ () const { return v; }
    bool __more__ () const { return v != INVALID; }
    void __next__ () { s->next (&v); if (l) l--; }
    void __prev__ () { s->previous (&v); }
    unsigned __len__ () const { return l; }
    iter_t end () const { return iter_t (*s, false); }
    bool operator != (const iter_t& o) const
    { return s != o.s || v != o.v; }

    protected:
    const hb_set_t *s;
    hb_codepoint_t v;
    unsigned l;
  };
  iter_t iter () const { return iter_t (*this); }
  operator iter_t () const { return iter (); }

  protected:

  page_t *page_for_insert (hb_codepoint_t g)
  {
    page_map_t map = {get_major (g), pages.length};
    unsigned int i;
    if (!page_map.bfind (map, &i, HB_BFIND_NOT_FOUND_STORE_CLOSEST))
    {
      if (!resize (pages.length + 1))
	return nullptr;

      pages[map.index].init0 ();
      memmove (page_map + i + 1,
	       page_map + i,
	       (page_map.length - 1 - i) * page_map.item_size);
      page_map[i] = map;
    }
    return &pages[page_map[i].index];
  }
  page_t *page_for (hb_codepoint_t g)
  {
    page_map_t key = {get_major (g)};
    const page_map_t *found = page_map.bsearch (key);
    if (found)
      return &pages[found->index];
    return nullptr;
  }
  const page_t *page_for (hb_codepoint_t g) const
  {
    page_map_t key = {get_major (g)};
    const page_map_t *found = page_map.bsearch (key);
    if (found)
      return &pages[found->index];
    return nullptr;
  }
  page_t &page_at (unsigned int i) { return pages[page_map[i].index]; }
  const page_t &page_at (unsigned int i) const { return pages[page_map[i].index]; }
  unsigned int get_major (hb_codepoint_t g) const { return g / page_t::PAGE_BITS; }
  hb_codepoint_t major_start (unsigned int major) const { return major * page_t::PAGE_BITS; }
};


#endif /* HB_SET_HH */