ui/gfx/transform_util.cc - mirrors/engine - Git at Google

 // Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
 // found in the LICENSE file.

 #include "ui/gfx/transform_util.h"

 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cmath>

 #include "base/logging.h"
 #include "base/strings/stringprintf.h"
 #include "ui/gfx/point.h"
 #include "ui/gfx/point3_f.h"
 #include "ui/gfx/rect.h"

 namespace gfx {

 namespace {

 SkMScalar Length3(SkMScalar v[3]) {
   double vd[3] = {SkMScalarToDouble(v[0]), SkMScalarToDouble(v[1]),
                   SkMScalarToDouble(v[2])};
   return SkDoubleToMScalar(
       std::sqrt(vd[0] * vd[0] + vd[1] * vd[1] + vd[2] * vd[2]));
 }

 void Scale3(SkMScalar v[3], SkMScalar scale) {
   for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
     v[i] *= scale;
 }

 template <int n>
 SkMScalar Dot(const SkMScalar* a, const SkMScalar* b) {
   double total = 0.0;
   for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
     total += a[i] * b[i];
   return SkDoubleToMScalar(total);
 }

 template <int n>
 void Combine(SkMScalar* out,
              const SkMScalar* a,
              const SkMScalar* b,
              double scale_a,
              double scale_b) {
   for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
     out[i] = SkDoubleToMScalar(a[i] * scale_a + b[i] * scale_b);
 }

 void Cross3(SkMScalar out[3], SkMScalar a[3], SkMScalar b[3]) {
   SkMScalar x = a[1] * b[2] - a[2] * b[1];
   SkMScalar y = a[2] * b[0] - a[0] * b[2];
   SkMScalar z = a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0];
   out[0] = x;
   out[1] = y;
   out[2] = z;
 }

 SkMScalar Round(SkMScalar n) {
   return SkDoubleToMScalar(std::floor(SkMScalarToDouble(n) + 0.5));
 }

 // Taken from http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-transforms/.
 bool Slerp(SkMScalar out[4],
            const SkMScalar q1[4],
            const SkMScalar q2[4],
            double progress) {
   double product = Dot<4>(q1, q2);

   // Clamp product to -1.0 <= product <= 1.0.
   product = std::min(std::max(product, -1.0), 1.0);

   // Interpolate angles along the shortest path. For example, to interpolate
   // between a 175 degree angle and a 185 degree angle, interpolate along the
   // 10 degree path from 175 to 185, rather than along the 350 degree path in
   // the opposite direction. This matches WebKit's implementation but not
   // the current W3C spec. Fixing the spec to match this approach is discussed
   // at:
   // http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/2013May/0131.html
   double scale1 = 1.0;
   if (product < 0) {
     product = -product;
     scale1 = -1.0;
   }

   const double epsilon = 1e-5;
   if (std::abs(product - 1.0) < epsilon) {
     for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
       out[i] = q1[i];
     return true;
   }

   double denom = std::sqrt(1.0 - product * product);
   double theta = std::acos(product);
   double w = std::sin(progress * theta) * (1.0 / denom);

   scale1 *= std::cos(progress * theta) - product * w;
   double scale2 = w;
   Combine<4>(out, q1, q2, scale1, scale2);

   return true;
 }

 // Returns false if the matrix cannot be normalized.
 bool Normalize(SkMatrix44& m) {
   if (m.get(3, 3) == 0.0)
     // Cannot normalize.
     return false;

   SkMScalar scale = 1.0 / m.get(3, 3);
   for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
     for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
       m.set(i, j, m.get(i, j) * scale);

   return true;
 }

 SkMatrix44 BuildPerspectiveMatrix(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
   SkMatrix44 matrix(SkMatrix44::kIdentity_Constructor);

   for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
     matrix.setDouble(3, i, decomp.perspective[i]);
   return matrix;
 }

 SkMatrix44 BuildTranslationMatrix(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
   SkMatrix44 matrix(SkMatrix44::kUninitialized_Constructor);
   // Implicitly calls matrix.setIdentity()
   matrix.setTranslate(SkDoubleToMScalar(decomp.translate[0]),
                       SkDoubleToMScalar(decomp.translate[1]),
                       SkDoubleToMScalar(decomp.translate[2]));
   return matrix;
 }

 SkMatrix44 BuildSnappedTranslationMatrix(DecomposedTransform decomp) {
   decomp.translate[0] = Round(decomp.translate[0]);
   decomp.translate[1] = Round(decomp.translate[1]);
   decomp.translate[2] = Round(decomp.translate[2]);
   return BuildTranslationMatrix(decomp);
 }

 SkMatrix44 BuildRotationMatrix(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
   double x = decomp.quaternion[0];
   double y = decomp.quaternion[1];
   double z = decomp.quaternion[2];
   double w = decomp.quaternion[3];

   SkMatrix44 matrix(SkMatrix44::kUninitialized_Constructor);

   // Implicitly calls matrix.setIdentity()
   matrix.set3x3(1.0 - 2.0 * (y * y + z * z),
                 2.0 * (x * y + z * w),
                 2.0 * (x * z - y * w),
                 2.0 * (x * y - z * w),
                 1.0 - 2.0 * (x * x + z * z),
                 2.0 * (y * z + x * w),
                 2.0 * (x * z + y * w),
                 2.0 * (y * z - x * w),
                 1.0 - 2.0 * (x * x + y * y));
   return matrix;
 }

 SkMatrix44 BuildSnappedRotationMatrix(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
   // Create snapped rotation.
   SkMatrix44 rotation_matrix = BuildRotationMatrix(decomp);
   for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
     for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j) {
       SkMScalar value = rotation_matrix.get(i, j);
       // Snap values to -1, 0 or 1.
       if (value < -0.5f) {
         value = -1.0f;
       } else if (value > 0.5f) {
         value = 1.0f;
       } else {
         value = 0.0f;
       }
       rotation_matrix.set(i, j, value);
     }
   }
   return rotation_matrix;
 }

 SkMatrix44 BuildSkewMatrix(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
   SkMatrix44 matrix(SkMatrix44::kIdentity_Constructor);

   SkMatrix44 temp(SkMatrix44::kIdentity_Constructor);
   if (decomp.skew[2]) {
     temp.setDouble(1, 2, decomp.skew[2]);
     matrix.preConcat(temp);
   }

   if (decomp.skew[1]) {
     temp.setDouble(1, 2, 0);
     temp.setDouble(0, 2, decomp.skew[1]);
     matrix.preConcat(temp);
   }

   if (decomp.skew[0]) {
     temp.setDouble(0, 2, 0);
     temp.setDouble(0, 1, decomp.skew[0]);
     matrix.preConcat(temp);
   }
   return matrix;
 }

 SkMatrix44 BuildScaleMatrix(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
   SkMatrix44 matrix(SkMatrix44::kUninitialized_Constructor);
   matrix.setScale(SkDoubleToMScalar(decomp.scale[0]),
                   SkDoubleToMScalar(decomp.scale[1]),
                   SkDoubleToMScalar(decomp.scale[2]));
   return matrix;
 }

 SkMatrix44 BuildSnappedScaleMatrix(DecomposedTransform decomp) {
   decomp.scale[0] = Round(decomp.scale[0]);
   decomp.scale[1] = Round(decomp.scale[1]);
   decomp.scale[2] = Round(decomp.scale[2]);
   return BuildScaleMatrix(decomp);
 }

 Transform ComposeTransform(const SkMatrix44& perspective,
                            const SkMatrix44& translation,
                            const SkMatrix44& rotation,
                            const SkMatrix44& skew,
                            const SkMatrix44& scale) {
   SkMatrix44 matrix(SkMatrix44::kIdentity_Constructor);

   matrix.preConcat(perspective);
   matrix.preConcat(translation);
   matrix.preConcat(rotation);
   matrix.preConcat(skew);
   matrix.preConcat(scale);

   Transform to_return;
   to_return.matrix() = matrix;
   return to_return;
 }

 bool CheckViewportPointMapsWithinOnePixel(const Point& point,
                                           const Transform& transform) {
   Point3F point_original(point);
   Point3F point_transformed(point);

   // Can't use TransformRect here since it would give us the axis-aligned
   // bounding rect of the 4 points in the initial rectable which is not what we
   // want.
   transform.TransformPoint(&point_transformed);

   if ((point_transformed - point_original).Length() > 1.f) {
     // The changed distance should not be more than 1 pixel.
     return false;
   }
   return true;
 }

 bool CheckTransformsMapsIntViewportWithinOnePixel(const Rect& viewport,
                                                   const Transform& original,
                                                   const Transform& snapped) {

   Transform original_inv(Transform::kSkipInitialization);
   bool invertible = true;
   invertible &= original.GetInverse(&original_inv);
   DCHECK(invertible) << "Non-invertible transform, cannot snap.";

   Transform combined = snapped * original_inv;

   return CheckViewportPointMapsWithinOnePixel(viewport.origin(), combined) &&
          CheckViewportPointMapsWithinOnePixel(viewport.top_right(), combined) &&
          CheckViewportPointMapsWithinOnePixel(viewport.bottom_left(),
                                               combined) &&
          CheckViewportPointMapsWithinOnePixel(viewport.bottom_right(),
                                               combined);
 }

 }  // namespace

 Transform GetScaleTransform(const Point& anchor, float scale) {
   Transform transform;
   transform.Translate(anchor.x() * (1 - scale),
                       anchor.y() * (1 - scale));
   transform.Scale(scale, scale);
   return transform;
 }

 DecomposedTransform::DecomposedTransform() {
   translate[0] = translate[1] = translate[2] = 0.0;
   scale[0] = scale[1] = scale[2] = 1.0;
   skew[0] = skew[1] = skew[2] = 0.0;
   perspective[0] = perspective[1] = perspective[2] = 0.0;
   quaternion[0] = quaternion[1] = quaternion[2] = 0.0;
   perspective[3] = quaternion[3] = 1.0;
 }

 bool BlendDecomposedTransforms(DecomposedTransform* out,
                                const DecomposedTransform& to,
                                const DecomposedTransform& from,
                                double progress) {
   double scalea = progress;
   double scaleb = 1.0 - progress;
   Combine<3>(out->translate, to.translate, from.translate, scalea, scaleb);
   Combine<3>(out->scale, to.scale, from.scale, scalea, scaleb);
   Combine<3>(out->skew, to.skew, from.skew, scalea, scaleb);
   Combine<4>(
       out->perspective, to.perspective, from.perspective, scalea, scaleb);
   return Slerp(out->quaternion, from.quaternion, to.quaternion, progress);
 }

 // Taken from http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-transforms/.
 bool DecomposeTransform(DecomposedTransform* decomp,
                         const Transform& transform) {
   if (!decomp)
     return false;

   // We'll operate on a copy of the matrix.
   SkMatrix44 matrix = transform.matrix();

   // If we cannot normalize the matrix, then bail early as we cannot decompose.
   if (!Normalize(matrix))
     return false;

   SkMatrix44 perspectiveMatrix = matrix;

   for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
     perspectiveMatrix.set(3, i, 0.0);

   perspectiveMatrix.set(3, 3, 1.0);

   // If the perspective matrix is not invertible, we are also unable to
   // decompose, so we'll bail early. Constant taken from SkMatrix44::invert.
   if (std::abs(perspectiveMatrix.determinant()) < 1e-8)
     return false;

   if (matrix.get(3, 0) != 0.0 || matrix.get(3, 1) != 0.0 ||
       matrix.get(3, 2) != 0.0) {
     // rhs is the right hand side of the equation.
     SkMScalar rhs[4] = {
       matrix.get(3, 0),
       matrix.get(3, 1),
       matrix.get(3, 2),
       matrix.get(3, 3)
     };

     // Solve the equation by inverting perspectiveMatrix and multiplying
     // rhs by the inverse.
     SkMatrix44 inversePerspectiveMatrix(SkMatrix44::kUninitialized_Constructor);
     if (!perspectiveMatrix.invert(&inversePerspectiveMatrix))
       return false;

     SkMatrix44 transposedInversePerspectiveMatrix =
         inversePerspectiveMatrix;

     transposedInversePerspectiveMatrix.transpose();
     transposedInversePerspectiveMatrix.mapMScalars(rhs);

     for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
       decomp->perspective[i] = rhs[i];

   } else {
     // No perspective.
     for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
       decomp->perspective[i] = 0.0;
     decomp->perspective[3] = 1.0;
   }

   for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
     decomp->translate[i] = matrix.get(i, 3);

   SkMScalar row[3][3];
   for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
     for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j)
       row[i][j] = matrix.get(j, i);

   // Compute X scale factor and normalize first row.
   decomp->scale[0] = Length3(row[0]);
   if (decomp->scale[0] != 0.0)
     Scale3(row[0], 1.0 / decomp->scale[0]);

   // Compute XY shear factor and make 2nd row orthogonal to 1st.
   decomp->skew[0] = Dot<3>(row[0], row[1]);
   Combine<3>(row[1], row[1], row[0], 1.0, -decomp->skew[0]);

   // Now, compute Y scale and normalize 2nd row.
   decomp->scale[1] = Length3(row[1]);
   if (decomp->scale[1] != 0.0)
     Scale3(row[1], 1.0 / decomp->scale[1]);

   decomp->skew[0] /= decomp->scale[1];

   // Compute XZ and YZ shears, orthogonalize 3rd row
   decomp->skew[1] = Dot<3>(row[0], row[2]);
   Combine<3>(row[2], row[2], row[0], 1.0, -decomp->skew[1]);
   decomp->skew[2] = Dot<3>(row[1], row[2]);
   Combine<3>(row[2], row[2], row[1], 1.0, -decomp->skew[2]);

   // Next, get Z scale and normalize 3rd row.
   decomp->scale[2] = Length3(row[2]);
   if (decomp->scale[2] != 0.0)
     Scale3(row[2], 1.0 / decomp->scale[2]);

   decomp->skew[1] /= decomp->scale[2];
   decomp->skew[2] /= decomp->scale[2];

   // At this point, the matrix (in rows) is orthonormal.
   // Check for a coordinate system flip.  If the determinant
   // is -1, then negate the matrix and the scaling factors.
   SkMScalar pdum3[3];
   Cross3(pdum3, row[1], row[2]);
   if (Dot<3>(row[0], pdum3) < 0) {
     for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
       decomp->scale[i] *= -1.0;
       for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j)
         row[i][j] *= -1.0;
     }
   }

   decomp->quaternion[0] =
       0.5 * std::sqrt(std::max(1.0 + row[0][0] - row[1][1] - row[2][2], 0.0));
   decomp->quaternion[1] =
       0.5 * std::sqrt(std::max(1.0 - row[0][0] + row[1][1] - row[2][2], 0.0));
   decomp->quaternion[2] =
       0.5 * std::sqrt(std::max(1.0 - row[0][0] - row[1][1] + row[2][2], 0.0));
   decomp->quaternion[3] =
       0.5 * std::sqrt(std::max(1.0 + row[0][0] + row[1][1] + row[2][2], 0.0));

   if (row[2][1] > row[1][2])
       decomp->quaternion[0] = -decomp->quaternion[0];
   if (row[0][2] > row[2][0])
       decomp->quaternion[1] = -decomp->quaternion[1];
   if (row[1][0] > row[0][1])
       decomp->quaternion[2] = -decomp->quaternion[2];

   return true;
 }

 // Taken from http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-transforms/.
 Transform ComposeTransform(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
   SkMatrix44 perspective = BuildPerspectiveMatrix(decomp);
   SkMatrix44 translation = BuildTranslationMatrix(decomp);
   SkMatrix44 rotation = BuildRotationMatrix(decomp);
   SkMatrix44 skew = BuildSkewMatrix(decomp);
   SkMatrix44 scale = BuildScaleMatrix(decomp);

   return ComposeTransform(perspective, translation, rotation, skew, scale);
 }

 bool SnapTransform(Transform* out,
                    const Transform& transform,
                    const Rect& viewport) {
   DecomposedTransform decomp;
   DecomposeTransform(&decomp, transform);

   SkMatrix44 rotation_matrix = BuildSnappedRotationMatrix(decomp);
   SkMatrix44 translation = BuildSnappedTranslationMatrix(decomp);
   SkMatrix44 scale = BuildSnappedScaleMatrix(decomp);

   // Rebuild matrices for other unchanged components.
   SkMatrix44 perspective = BuildPerspectiveMatrix(decomp);

   // Completely ignore the skew.
   SkMatrix44 skew(SkMatrix44::kIdentity_Constructor);

   // Get full tranform
   Transform snapped =
       ComposeTransform(perspective, translation, rotation_matrix, skew, scale);

   // Verify that viewport is not moved unnaturally.
   bool snappable =
     CheckTransformsMapsIntViewportWithinOnePixel(viewport, transform, snapped);
   if (snappable) {
     *out = snapped;
   }
   return snappable;
 }

 std::string DecomposedTransform::ToString() const {
   return base::StringPrintf(
       "translate: %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f\n"
       "scale: %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f\n"
       "skew: %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f\n"
       "perspective: %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f\n"
       "quaternion: %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f\n",
       translate[0],
       translate[1],
       translate[2],
       scale[0],
       scale[1],
       scale[2],
       skew[0],
       skew[1],
       skew[2],
       perspective[0],
       perspective[1],
       perspective[2],
       perspective[3],
       quaternion[0],
       quaternion[1],
       quaternion[2],
       quaternion[3]);
 }

 float MatrixDistance(const Transform& a, const Transform& b) {
   double sum = 0.0;

   const SkMatrix44& a_data = a.matrix();
   const SkMatrix44& b_data = b.matrix();

   for (int row = 0; row < 4; ++row) {
     for (int col = 0; col < 4; ++col) {
       double diff = a_data.get(row, col) - b_data.get(row, col);
       sum += diff * diff;
     }
   }

   return static_cast<float>(std::sqrt(sum));
 }


 }  // namespace ui
	// Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
	// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
	// found in the LICENSE file.

	#include "ui/gfx/transform_util.h"

	#include <algorithm>
	#include <cmath>

	#include "base/logging.h"
	#include "base/strings/stringprintf.h"
	#include "ui/gfx/point.h"
	#include "ui/gfx/point3_f.h"
	#include "ui/gfx/rect.h"

	namespace gfx {

	namespace {

	SkMScalar Length3(SkMScalar v[3]) {
	double vd[3] = {SkMScalarToDouble(v[0]), SkMScalarToDouble(v[1]),
	SkMScalarToDouble(v[2])};
	return SkDoubleToMScalar(
	std::sqrt(vd[0] * vd[0] + vd[1] * vd[1] + vd[2] * vd[2]));
	}

	void Scale3(SkMScalar v[3], SkMScalar scale) {
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
	v[i] *= scale;
	}

	template <int n>
	SkMScalar Dot(const SkMScalar* a, const SkMScalar* b) {
	double total = 0.0;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	total += a[i] * b[i];
	return SkDoubleToMScalar(total);
	}

	template <int n>
	void Combine(SkMScalar* out,
	const SkMScalar* a,
	const SkMScalar* b,
	double scale_a,
	double scale_b) {
	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	out[i] = SkDoubleToMScalar(a[i] * scale_a + b[i] * scale_b);
	}

	void Cross3(SkMScalar out[3], SkMScalar a[3], SkMScalar b[3]) {
	SkMScalar x = a[1] * b[2] - a[2] * b[1];
	SkMScalar y = a[2] * b[0] - a[0] * b[2];
	SkMScalar z = a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0];
	out[0] = x;
	out[1] = y;
	out[2] = z;
	}

	SkMScalar Round(SkMScalar n) {
	return SkDoubleToMScalar(std::floor(SkMScalarToDouble(n) + 0.5));
	}

	// Taken from http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-transforms/.
	bool Slerp(SkMScalar out[4],
	const SkMScalar q1[4],
	const SkMScalar q2[4],
	double progress) {
	double product = Dot<4>(q1, q2);

	// Clamp product to -1.0 <= product <= 1.0.
	product = std::min(std::max(product, -1.0), 1.0);

	// Interpolate angles along the shortest path. For example, to interpolate
	// between a 175 degree angle and a 185 degree angle, interpolate along the
	// 10 degree path from 175 to 185, rather than along the 350 degree path in
	// the opposite direction. This matches WebKit's implementation but not
	// the current W3C spec. Fixing the spec to match this approach is discussed
	// at:
	// http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/2013May/0131.html
	double scale1 = 1.0;
	if (product < 0) {
	product = -product;
	scale1 = -1.0;
	}

	const double epsilon = 1e-5;
	if (std::abs(product - 1.0) < epsilon) {
	for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
	out[i] = q1[i];
	return true;
	}

	double denom = std::sqrt(1.0 - product * product);
	double theta = std::acos(product);
	double w = std::sin(progress * theta) * (1.0 / denom);

	scale1 = std::cos(progress theta) - product * w;
	double scale2 = w;
	Combine<4>(out, q1, q2, scale1, scale2);

	return true;
	}

	// Returns false if the matrix cannot be normalized.
	bool Normalize(SkMatrix44& m) {
	if (m.get(3, 3) == 0.0)
	// Cannot normalize.
	return false;

	SkMScalar scale = 1.0 / m.get(3, 3);
	for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
	for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
	m.set(i, j, m.get(i, j) * scale);

	return true;
	}

	SkMatrix44 BuildPerspectiveMatrix(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
	SkMatrix44 matrix(SkMatrix44::kIdentity_Constructor);

	for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
	matrix.setDouble(3, i, decomp.perspective[i]);
	return matrix;
	}

	SkMatrix44 BuildTranslationMatrix(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
	SkMatrix44 matrix(SkMatrix44::kUninitialized_Constructor);
	// Implicitly calls matrix.setIdentity()
	matrix.setTranslate(SkDoubleToMScalar(decomp.translate[0]),
	SkDoubleToMScalar(decomp.translate[1]),
	SkDoubleToMScalar(decomp.translate[2]));
	return matrix;
	}

	SkMatrix44 BuildSnappedTranslationMatrix(DecomposedTransform decomp) {
	decomp.translate[0] = Round(decomp.translate[0]);
	decomp.translate[1] = Round(decomp.translate[1]);
	decomp.translate[2] = Round(decomp.translate[2]);
	return BuildTranslationMatrix(decomp);
	}

	SkMatrix44 BuildRotationMatrix(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
	double x = decomp.quaternion[0];
	double y = decomp.quaternion[1];
	double z = decomp.quaternion[2];
	double w = decomp.quaternion[3];

	SkMatrix44 matrix(SkMatrix44::kUninitialized_Constructor);

	// Implicitly calls matrix.setIdentity()
	matrix.set3x3(1.0 - 2.0 * (y * y + z * z),
	2.0 * (x * y + z * w),
	2.0 * (x * z - y * w),
	2.0 * (x * y - z * w),
	1.0 - 2.0 * (x * x + z * z),
	2.0 * (y * z + x * w),
	2.0 * (x * z + y * w),
	2.0 * (y * z - x * w),
	1.0 - 2.0 * (x * x + y * y));
	return matrix;
	}

	SkMatrix44 BuildSnappedRotationMatrix(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
	// Create snapped rotation.
	SkMatrix44 rotation_matrix = BuildRotationMatrix(decomp);
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
	for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j) {
	SkMScalar value = rotation_matrix.get(i, j);
	// Snap values to -1, 0 or 1.
	if (value < -0.5f) {
	value = -1.0f;
	} else if (value > 0.5f) {
	value = 1.0f;
	} else {
	value = 0.0f;
	}
	rotation_matrix.set(i, j, value);
	}
	}
	return rotation_matrix;
	}

	SkMatrix44 BuildSkewMatrix(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
	SkMatrix44 matrix(SkMatrix44::kIdentity_Constructor);

	SkMatrix44 temp(SkMatrix44::kIdentity_Constructor);
	if (decomp.skew[2]) {
	temp.setDouble(1, 2, decomp.skew[2]);
	matrix.preConcat(temp);
	}

	if (decomp.skew[1]) {
	temp.setDouble(1, 2, 0);
	temp.setDouble(0, 2, decomp.skew[1]);
	matrix.preConcat(temp);
	}

	if (decomp.skew[0]) {
	temp.setDouble(0, 2, 0);
	temp.setDouble(0, 1, decomp.skew[0]);
	matrix.preConcat(temp);
	}
	return matrix;
	}

	SkMatrix44 BuildScaleMatrix(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
	SkMatrix44 matrix(SkMatrix44::kUninitialized_Constructor);
	matrix.setScale(SkDoubleToMScalar(decomp.scale[0]),
	SkDoubleToMScalar(decomp.scale[1]),
	SkDoubleToMScalar(decomp.scale[2]));
	return matrix;
	}

	SkMatrix44 BuildSnappedScaleMatrix(DecomposedTransform decomp) {
	decomp.scale[0] = Round(decomp.scale[0]);
	decomp.scale[1] = Round(decomp.scale[1]);
	decomp.scale[2] = Round(decomp.scale[2]);
	return BuildScaleMatrix(decomp);
	}

	Transform ComposeTransform(const SkMatrix44& perspective,
	const SkMatrix44& translation,
	const SkMatrix44& rotation,
	const SkMatrix44& skew,
	const SkMatrix44& scale) {
	SkMatrix44 matrix(SkMatrix44::kIdentity_Constructor);

	matrix.preConcat(perspective);
	matrix.preConcat(translation);
	matrix.preConcat(rotation);
	matrix.preConcat(skew);
	matrix.preConcat(scale);

	Transform to_return;
	to_return.matrix() = matrix;
	return to_return;
	}

	bool CheckViewportPointMapsWithinOnePixel(const Point& point,
	const Transform& transform) {
	Point3F point_original(point);
	Point3F point_transformed(point);

	// Can't use TransformRect here since it would give us the axis-aligned
	// bounding rect of the 4 points in the initial rectable which is not what we
	// want.
	transform.TransformPoint(&point_transformed);

	if ((point_transformed - point_original).Length() > 1.f) {
	// The changed distance should not be more than 1 pixel.
	return false;
	}
	return true;
	}

	bool CheckTransformsMapsIntViewportWithinOnePixel(const Rect& viewport,
	const Transform& original,
	const Transform& snapped) {

	Transform original_inv(Transform::kSkipInitialization);
	bool invertible = true;
	invertible &= original.GetInverse(&original_inv);
	DCHECK(invertible) << "Non-invertible transform, cannot snap.";

	Transform combined = snapped * original_inv;

	return CheckViewportPointMapsWithinOnePixel(viewport.origin(), combined) &&
	CheckViewportPointMapsWithinOnePixel(viewport.top_right(), combined) &&
	CheckViewportPointMapsWithinOnePixel(viewport.bottom_left(),
	combined) &&
	CheckViewportPointMapsWithinOnePixel(viewport.bottom_right(),
	combined);
	}

	} // namespace

	Transform GetScaleTransform(const Point& anchor, float scale) {
	Transform transform;
	transform.Translate(anchor.x() * (1 - scale),
	anchor.y() * (1 - scale));
	transform.Scale(scale, scale);
	return transform;
	}

	DecomposedTransform::DecomposedTransform() {
	translate[0] = translate[1] = translate[2] = 0.0;
	scale[0] = scale[1] = scale[2] = 1.0;
	skew[0] = skew[1] = skew[2] = 0.0;
	perspective[0] = perspective[1] = perspective[2] = 0.0;
	quaternion[0] = quaternion[1] = quaternion[2] = 0.0;
	perspective[3] = quaternion[3] = 1.0;
	}

	bool BlendDecomposedTransforms(DecomposedTransform* out,
	const DecomposedTransform& to,
	const DecomposedTransform& from,
	double progress) {
	double scalea = progress;
	double scaleb = 1.0 - progress;
	Combine<3>(out->translate, to.translate, from.translate, scalea, scaleb);
	Combine<3>(out->scale, to.scale, from.scale, scalea, scaleb);
	Combine<3>(out->skew, to.skew, from.skew, scalea, scaleb);
	Combine<4>(
	out->perspective, to.perspective, from.perspective, scalea, scaleb);
	return Slerp(out->quaternion, from.quaternion, to.quaternion, progress);
	}

	// Taken from http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-transforms/.
	bool DecomposeTransform(DecomposedTransform* decomp,
	const Transform& transform) {
	if (!decomp)
	return false;

	// We'll operate on a copy of the matrix.
	SkMatrix44 matrix = transform.matrix();

	// If we cannot normalize the matrix, then bail early as we cannot decompose.
	if (!Normalize(matrix))
	return false;

	SkMatrix44 perspectiveMatrix = matrix;

	for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
	perspectiveMatrix.set(3, i, 0.0);

	perspectiveMatrix.set(3, 3, 1.0);

	// If the perspective matrix is not invertible, we are also unable to
	// decompose, so we'll bail early. Constant taken from SkMatrix44::invert.
	if (std::abs(perspectiveMatrix.determinant()) < 1e-8)
	return false;

	if (matrix.get(3, 0) != 0.0 \|\| matrix.get(3, 1) != 0.0 \|\|
	matrix.get(3, 2) != 0.0) {
	// rhs is the right hand side of the equation.
	SkMScalar rhs[4] = {
	matrix.get(3, 0),
	matrix.get(3, 1),
	matrix.get(3, 2),
	matrix.get(3, 3)
	};

	// Solve the equation by inverting perspectiveMatrix and multiplying
	// rhs by the inverse.
	SkMatrix44 inversePerspectiveMatrix(SkMatrix44::kUninitialized_Constructor);
	if (!perspectiveMatrix.invert(&inversePerspectiveMatrix))
	return false;

	SkMatrix44 transposedInversePerspectiveMatrix =
	inversePerspectiveMatrix;

	transposedInversePerspectiveMatrix.transpose();
	transposedInversePerspectiveMatrix.mapMScalars(rhs);

	for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
	decomp->perspective[i] = rhs[i];

	} else {
	// No perspective.
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
	decomp->perspective[i] = 0.0;
	decomp->perspective[3] = 1.0;
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
	decomp->translate[i] = matrix.get(i, 3);

	SkMScalar row[3][3];
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
	for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j)
	row[i][j] = matrix.get(j, i);

	// Compute X scale factor and normalize first row.
	decomp->scale[0] = Length3(row[0]);
	if (decomp->scale[0] != 0.0)
	Scale3(row[0], 1.0 / decomp->scale[0]);

	// Compute XY shear factor and make 2nd row orthogonal to 1st.
	decomp->skew[0] = Dot<3>(row[0], row[1]);
	Combine<3>(row[1], row[1], row[0], 1.0, -decomp->skew[0]);

	// Now, compute Y scale and normalize 2nd row.
	decomp->scale[1] = Length3(row[1]);
	if (decomp->scale[1] != 0.0)
	Scale3(row[1], 1.0 / decomp->scale[1]);

	decomp->skew[0] /= decomp->scale[1];

	// Compute XZ and YZ shears, orthogonalize 3rd row
	decomp->skew[1] = Dot<3>(row[0], row[2]);
	Combine<3>(row[2], row[2], row[0], 1.0, -decomp->skew[1]);
	decomp->skew[2] = Dot<3>(row[1], row[2]);
	Combine<3>(row[2], row[2], row[1], 1.0, -decomp->skew[2]);

	// Next, get Z scale and normalize 3rd row.
	decomp->scale[2] = Length3(row[2]);
	if (decomp->scale[2] != 0.0)
	Scale3(row[2], 1.0 / decomp->scale[2]);

	decomp->skew[1] /= decomp->scale[2];
	decomp->skew[2] /= decomp->scale[2];

	// At this point, the matrix (in rows) is orthonormal.
	// Check for a coordinate system flip. If the determinant
	// is -1, then negate the matrix and the scaling factors.
	SkMScalar pdum3[3];
	Cross3(pdum3, row[1], row[2]);
	if (Dot<3>(row[0], pdum3) < 0) {
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
	decomp->scale[i] *= -1.0;
	for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j)
	row[i][j] *= -1.0;
	}
	}

	decomp->quaternion[0] =
	0.5 * std::sqrt(std::max(1.0 + row[0][0] - row[1][1] - row[2][2], 0.0));
	decomp->quaternion[1] =
	0.5 * std::sqrt(std::max(1.0 - row[0][0] + row[1][1] - row[2][2], 0.0));
	decomp->quaternion[2] =
	0.5 * std::sqrt(std::max(1.0 - row[0][0] - row[1][1] + row[2][2], 0.0));
	decomp->quaternion[3] =
	0.5 * std::sqrt(std::max(1.0 + row[0][0] + row[1][1] + row[2][2], 0.0));

	if (row[2][1] > row[1][2])
	decomp->quaternion[0] = -decomp->quaternion[0];
	if (row[0][2] > row[2][0])
	decomp->quaternion[1] = -decomp->quaternion[1];
	if (row[1][0] > row[0][1])
	decomp->quaternion[2] = -decomp->quaternion[2];

	return true;
	}

	// Taken from http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-transforms/.
	Transform ComposeTransform(const DecomposedTransform& decomp) {
	SkMatrix44 perspective = BuildPerspectiveMatrix(decomp);
	SkMatrix44 translation = BuildTranslationMatrix(decomp);
	SkMatrix44 rotation = BuildRotationMatrix(decomp);
	SkMatrix44 skew = BuildSkewMatrix(decomp);
	SkMatrix44 scale = BuildScaleMatrix(decomp);

	return ComposeTransform(perspective, translation, rotation, skew, scale);
	}

	bool SnapTransform(Transform* out,
	const Transform& transform,
	const Rect& viewport) {
	DecomposedTransform decomp;
	DecomposeTransform(&decomp, transform);

	SkMatrix44 rotation_matrix = BuildSnappedRotationMatrix(decomp);
	SkMatrix44 translation = BuildSnappedTranslationMatrix(decomp);
	SkMatrix44 scale = BuildSnappedScaleMatrix(decomp);

	// Rebuild matrices for other unchanged components.
	SkMatrix44 perspective = BuildPerspectiveMatrix(decomp);

	// Completely ignore the skew.
	SkMatrix44 skew(SkMatrix44::kIdentity_Constructor);

	// Get full tranform
	Transform snapped =
	ComposeTransform(perspective, translation, rotation_matrix, skew, scale);

	// Verify that viewport is not moved unnaturally.
	bool snappable =
	CheckTransformsMapsIntViewportWithinOnePixel(viewport, transform, snapped);
	if (snappable) {
	*out = snapped;
	}
	return snappable;
	}

	std::string DecomposedTransform::ToString() const {
	return base::StringPrintf(
	"translate: %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f\n"
	"scale: %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f\n"
	"skew: %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f\n"
	"perspective: %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f\n"
	"quaternion: %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f %+0.4f\n",
	translate[0],
	translate[1],
	translate[2],
	scale[0],
	scale[1],
	scale[2],
	skew[0],
	skew[1],
	skew[2],
	perspective[0],
	perspective[1],
	perspective[2],
	perspective[3],
	quaternion[0],
	quaternion[1],
	quaternion[2],
	quaternion[3]);
	}

	float MatrixDistance(const Transform& a, const Transform& b) {
	double sum = 0.0;

	const SkMatrix44& a_data = a.matrix();
	const SkMatrix44& b_data = b.matrix();

	for (int row = 0; row < 4; ++row) {
	for (int col = 0; col < 4; ++col) {
	double diff = a_data.get(row, col) - b_data.get(row, col);
	sum += diff * diff;
	}
	}

	return static_cast<float>(std::sqrt(sum));
	}


	} // namespace ui