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// Copyright 2014 The Flutter Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
/// @docImport 'package:flutter/widgets.dart';
library;
import 'dart:math' as math;
import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
import 'box.dart';
import 'debug_overflow_indicator.dart';
import 'layer.dart';
import 'layout_helper.dart';
import 'object.dart';
// A 2D vector that uses a [RenderFlex]'s main axis and cross axis as its first and second coordinate axes.
// It represents the same vector as (double mainAxisExtent, double crossAxisExtent).
extension type const _AxisSize._(Size _size) {
_AxisSize({required double mainAxisExtent, required double crossAxisExtent})
: this._(Size(mainAxisExtent, crossAxisExtent));
_AxisSize.fromSize({required Size size, required Axis direction})
: this._(_convert(size, direction));
static const _AxisSize empty = _AxisSize._(Size.zero);
static Size _convert(Size size, Axis direction) {
return switch (direction) {
Axis.horizontal => size,
Axis.vertical => size.flipped,
};
}
double get mainAxisExtent => _size.width;
double get crossAxisExtent => _size.height;
Size toSize(Axis direction) => _convert(_size, direction);
_AxisSize applyConstraints(BoxConstraints constraints, Axis direction) {
final BoxConstraints effectiveConstraints = switch (direction) {
Axis.horizontal => constraints,
Axis.vertical => constraints.flipped,
};
return _AxisSize._(effectiveConstraints.constrain(_size));
}
_AxisSize operator +(_AxisSize other) => _AxisSize._(
Size(_size.width + other._size.width, math.max(_size.height, other._size.height)),
);
}
// The ascent and descent of a baseline-aligned child.
//
// Baseline-aligned children contributes to the cross axis extent of a [RenderFlex]
// differently from children with other [CrossAxisAlignment]s.
extension type const _AscentDescent._((double ascent, double descent)? ascentDescent) {
factory _AscentDescent({required double? baselineOffset, required double crossSize}) {
return baselineOffset == null
? none
: _AscentDescent._((baselineOffset, crossSize - baselineOffset));
}
static const _AscentDescent none = _AscentDescent._(null);
double? get baselineOffset => ascentDescent?.$1;
_AscentDescent operator +(_AscentDescent other) => switch ((this, other)) {
(null, final _AscentDescent v) || (final _AscentDescent v, null) => v,
(
(final double xAscent, final double xDescent),
(final double yAscent, final double yDescent),
) =>
_AscentDescent._((math.max(xAscent, yAscent), math.max(xDescent, yDescent))),
};
}
typedef _ChildSizingFunction = double Function(RenderBox child, double extent);
typedef _NextChild = RenderBox? Function(RenderBox child);
class _LayoutSizes {
_LayoutSizes({
required this.axisSize,
required this.baselineOffset,
required this.mainAxisFreeSpace,
required this.spacePerFlex,
}) : assert(spacePerFlex?.isFinite ?? true);
// The final constrained _AxisSize of the RenderFlex.
final _AxisSize axisSize;
// The free space along the main axis. If the value is positive, the free space
// will be distributed according to the [MainAxisAlignment] specified. A
// negative value indicates the RenderFlex overflows along the main axis.
final double mainAxisFreeSpace;
// Null if the RenderFlex is not baseline aligned, or none of its children has
// a valid baseline of the given [TextBaseline] type.
final double? baselineOffset;
// The allocated space for flex children.
final double? spacePerFlex;
}
/// How the child is inscribed into the available space.
///
/// See also:
///
/// * [RenderFlex], the flex render object.
/// * [Column], [Row], and [Flex], the flex widgets.
/// * [Expanded], the widget equivalent of [tight].
/// * [Flexible], the widget equivalent of [loose].
enum FlexFit {
/// The child is forced to fill the available space.
///
/// The [Expanded] widget assigns this kind of [FlexFit] to its child.
tight,
/// The child can be at most as large as the available space (but is
/// allowed to be smaller).
///
/// The [Flexible] widget assigns this kind of [FlexFit] to its child.
loose,
}
/// Parent data for use with [RenderFlex].
class FlexParentData extends ContainerBoxParentData<RenderBox> {
/// The flex factor to use for this child.
///
/// If null or zero, the child is inflexible and determines its own size. If
/// non-zero, the amount of space the child's can occupy in the main axis is
/// determined by dividing the free space (after placing the inflexible
/// children) according to the flex factors of the flexible children.
int? flex;
/// How a flexible child is inscribed into the available space.
///
/// If [flex] is non-zero, the [fit] determines whether the child fills the
/// space the parent makes available during layout. If the fit is
/// [FlexFit.tight], the child is required to fill the available space. If the
/// fit is [FlexFit.loose], the child can be at most as large as the available
/// space (but is allowed to be smaller).
FlexFit? fit;
@override
String toString() => '${super.toString()}; flex=$flex; fit=$fit';
}
/// How much space should be occupied in the main axis.
///
/// During a flex layout, available space along the main axis is allocated to
/// children. After allocating space, there might be some remaining free space.
/// This value controls whether to maximize or minimize the amount of free
/// space, subject to the incoming layout constraints.
///
/// See also:
///
/// * [Column], [Row], and [Flex], the flex widgets.
/// * [Expanded] and [Flexible], the widgets that controls a flex widgets'
/// children's flex.
/// * [RenderFlex], the flex render object.
/// * [MainAxisAlignment], which controls how the free space is distributed.
enum MainAxisSize {
/// Minimize the amount of free space along the main axis, subject to the
/// incoming layout constraints.
///
/// If the incoming layout constraints have a large enough
/// [BoxConstraints.minWidth] or [BoxConstraints.minHeight], there might still
/// be a non-zero amount of free space.
///
/// If the incoming layout constraints are unbounded, and any children have a
/// non-zero [FlexParentData.flex] and a [FlexFit.tight] fit (as applied by
/// [Expanded]), the [RenderFlex] will assert, because there would be infinite
/// remaining free space and boxes cannot be given infinite size.
min,
/// Maximize the amount of free space along the main axis, subject to the
/// incoming layout constraints.
///
/// If the incoming layout constraints have a small enough
/// [BoxConstraints.maxWidth] or [BoxConstraints.maxHeight], there might still
/// be no free space.
///
/// If the incoming layout constraints are unbounded, the [RenderFlex] will
/// assert, because there would be infinite remaining free space and boxes
/// cannot be given infinite size.
max,
}
/// How the children should be placed along the main axis in a flex layout.
///
/// See also:
///
/// * [Column], [Row], and [Flex], the flex widgets.
/// * [RenderFlex], the flex render object.
enum MainAxisAlignment {
/// Place the children as close to the start of the main axis as possible.
///
/// If this value is used in a horizontal direction, a [TextDirection] must be
/// available to determine if the start is the left or the right.
///
/// If this value is used in a vertical direction, a [VerticalDirection] must be
/// available to determine if the start is the top or the bottom.
start,
/// Place the children as close to the end of the main axis as possible.
///
/// If this value is used in a horizontal direction, a [TextDirection] must be
/// available to determine if the end is the left or the right.
///
/// If this value is used in a vertical direction, a [VerticalDirection] must be
/// available to determine if the end is the top or the bottom.
end,
/// Place the children as close to the middle of the main axis as possible.
center,
/// Place the free space evenly between the children.
spaceBetween,
/// Place the free space evenly between the children as well as half of that
/// space before and after the first and last child.
spaceAround,
/// Place the free space evenly between the children as well as before and
/// after the first and last child.
spaceEvenly;
(double leadingSpace, double betweenSpace) _distributeSpace(
double freeSpace,
int itemCount,
bool flipped,
double spacing,
) {
assert(itemCount >= 0);
return switch (this) {
MainAxisAlignment.start => flipped ? (freeSpace, spacing) : (0.0, spacing),
MainAxisAlignment.end => MainAxisAlignment.start._distributeSpace(
freeSpace,
itemCount,
!flipped,
spacing,
),
MainAxisAlignment.spaceBetween when itemCount < 2 => MainAxisAlignment.start._distributeSpace(
freeSpace,
itemCount,
flipped,
spacing,
),
MainAxisAlignment.spaceAround when itemCount == 0 => MainAxisAlignment.start._distributeSpace(
freeSpace,
itemCount,
flipped,
spacing,
),
MainAxisAlignment.center => (freeSpace / 2.0, spacing),
MainAxisAlignment.spaceBetween => (0.0, freeSpace / (itemCount - 1) + spacing),
MainAxisAlignment.spaceAround => (freeSpace / itemCount / 2, freeSpace / itemCount + spacing),
MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly => (
freeSpace / (itemCount + 1),
freeSpace / (itemCount + 1) + spacing,
),
};
}
}
/// How the children should be placed along the cross axis in a flex layout.
///
/// See also:
///
/// * [Column], [Row], and [Flex], the flex widgets.
/// * [Flex.crossAxisAlignment], the property on flex widgets that
/// has this type.
/// * [RenderFlex], the flex render object.
enum CrossAxisAlignment {
/// Place the children with their start edge aligned with the start side of
/// the cross axis.
///
/// For example, in a column (a flex with a vertical axis) whose
/// [TextDirection] is [TextDirection.ltr], this aligns the left edge of the
/// children along the left edge of the column.
///
/// If this value is used in a horizontal direction, a [TextDirection] must be
/// available to determine if the start is the left or the right.
///
/// If this value is used in a vertical direction, a [VerticalDirection] must be
/// available to determine if the start is the top or the bottom.
start,
/// Place the children as close to the end of the cross axis as possible.
///
/// For example, in a column (a flex with a vertical axis) whose
/// [TextDirection] is [TextDirection.ltr], this aligns the right edge of the
/// children along the right edge of the column.
///
/// If this value is used in a horizontal direction, a [TextDirection] must be
/// available to determine if the end is the left or the right.
///
/// If this value is used in a vertical direction, a [VerticalDirection] must be
/// available to determine if the end is the top or the bottom.
end,
/// Place the children so that their centers align with the middle of the
/// cross axis.
///
/// This is the default cross-axis alignment.
center,
/// Require the children to fill the cross axis.
///
/// This causes the constraints passed to the children to be tight in the
/// cross axis.
stretch,
/// Place the children along the cross axis such that their baselines match.
///
/// Consider using this value for any horizontal main axis (as with [Row])
/// where the children primarily contain text. If the different children
/// have text with different font metrics (for example because they differ
/// in [TextStyle.fontSize] or other [TextStyle] properties, or because
/// they use different fonts due to being written in different scripts),
/// then this typically produces better visual alignment than the other
/// [CrossAxisAlignment] values, which use no information about
/// where the text sits vertically within its bounding box.
///
/// The baseline of a widget is typically the typographic baseline of the
/// first text in the first [Text] or [RichText] widget it encloses, if any.
/// The typographic baseline is a horizontal line used for aligning text,
/// which is specified by each font; for alphabetic scripts, it ordinarily
/// runs along the bottom of letters excluding any descenders.
///
/// Because baselines are always horizontal, this alignment is intended for
/// horizontal main axes (as with [Row]). If the main axis is vertical
/// (as with [Column]), then this value is treated like [start].
///
/// For horizontal main axes, if the minimum height constraint passed to the
/// flex layout exceeds the intrinsic height of the cross axis, children will
/// be aligned as close to the top as they can be while honoring the baseline
/// alignment. In other words, the extra space will be below all the children.
///
/// Children who report no baseline will be top-aligned.
///
/// See also:
///
/// * [RenderBox.getDistanceToBaseline], which defines the baseline of a box.
/// * [IgnoreBaseline], which can be used to ignore a child for the purpose of
/// baseline alignment.
baseline;
double _getChildCrossAxisOffset(double freeSpace, bool flipped) {
// This method should not be used to position baseline-aligned children.
return switch (this) {
CrossAxisAlignment.stretch || CrossAxisAlignment.baseline => 0.0,
CrossAxisAlignment.start => flipped ? freeSpace : 0.0,
CrossAxisAlignment.center => freeSpace / 2,
CrossAxisAlignment.end => CrossAxisAlignment.start._getChildCrossAxisOffset(
freeSpace,
!flipped,
),
};
}
}
/// Displays its children in a one-dimensional array.
///
/// ## Layout algorithm
///
/// _This section describes how the framework causes [RenderFlex] to position
/// its children._
/// _See [BoxConstraints] for an introduction to box layout models._
///
/// Layout for a [RenderFlex] proceeds in six steps:
///
/// 1. Layout each child with a null or zero flex factor with unbounded main
/// axis constraints and the incoming cross axis constraints. If the
/// [crossAxisAlignment] is [CrossAxisAlignment.stretch], instead use tight
/// cross axis constraints that match the incoming max extent in the cross
/// axis.
/// 2. Divide the remaining main axis space among the children with non-zero
/// flex factors according to their flex factor. For example, a child with a
/// flex factor of 2.0 will receive twice the amount of main axis space as a
/// child with a flex factor of 1.0.
/// 3. Layout each of the remaining children with the same cross axis
/// constraints as in step 1, but instead of using unbounded main axis
/// constraints, use max axis constraints based on the amount of space
/// allocated in step 2. Children with [Flexible.fit] properties that are
/// [FlexFit.tight] are given tight constraints (i.e., forced to fill the
/// allocated space), and children with [Flexible.fit] properties that are
/// [FlexFit.loose] are given loose constraints (i.e., not forced to fill the
/// allocated space).
/// 4. The cross axis extent of the [RenderFlex] is the maximum cross axis
/// extent of the children (which will always satisfy the incoming
/// constraints).
/// 5. The main axis extent of the [RenderFlex] is determined by the
/// [mainAxisSize] property. If the [mainAxisSize] property is
/// [MainAxisSize.max], then the main axis extent of the [RenderFlex] is the
/// max extent of the incoming main axis constraints. If the [mainAxisSize]
/// property is [MainAxisSize.min], then the main axis extent of the [Flex]
/// is the sum of the main axis extents of the children (subject to the
/// incoming constraints).
/// 6. Determine the position for each child according to the
/// [mainAxisAlignment] and the [crossAxisAlignment]. For example, if the
/// [mainAxisAlignment] is [MainAxisAlignment.spaceBetween], any main axis
/// space that has not been allocated to children is divided evenly and
/// placed between the children.
///
/// See also:
///
/// * [Flex], the widget equivalent.
/// * [Row] and [Column], direction-specific variants of [Flex].
class RenderFlex extends RenderBox
with
ContainerRenderObjectMixin<RenderBox, FlexParentData>,
RenderBoxContainerDefaultsMixin<RenderBox, FlexParentData>,
DebugOverflowIndicatorMixin {
/// Creates a flex render object.
///
/// By default, the flex layout is horizontal and children are aligned to the
/// start of the main axis and the center of the cross axis.
RenderFlex({
List<RenderBox>? children,
Axis direction = Axis.horizontal,
MainAxisSize mainAxisSize = MainAxisSize.max,
MainAxisAlignment mainAxisAlignment = MainAxisAlignment.start,
CrossAxisAlignment crossAxisAlignment = CrossAxisAlignment.center,
TextDirection? textDirection,
VerticalDirection verticalDirection = VerticalDirection.down,
TextBaseline? textBaseline,
Clip clipBehavior = Clip.none,
double spacing = 0.0,
}) : _direction = direction,
_mainAxisAlignment = mainAxisAlignment,
_mainAxisSize = mainAxisSize,
_crossAxisAlignment = crossAxisAlignment,
_textDirection = textDirection,
_verticalDirection = verticalDirection,
_textBaseline = textBaseline,
_clipBehavior = clipBehavior,
_spacing = spacing,
assert(spacing >= 0.0) {
addAll(children);
}
/// The direction to use as the main axis.
Axis get direction => _direction;
Axis _direction;
set direction(Axis value) {
if (_direction != value) {
_direction = value;
markNeedsLayout();
}
}
/// How the children should be placed along the main axis.
///
/// If the [direction] is [Axis.horizontal], and the [mainAxisAlignment] is
/// either [MainAxisAlignment.start] or [MainAxisAlignment.end], then the
/// [textDirection] must not be null.
///
/// If the [direction] is [Axis.vertical], and the [mainAxisAlignment] is
/// either [MainAxisAlignment.start] or [MainAxisAlignment.end], then the
/// [verticalDirection] must not be null.
MainAxisAlignment get mainAxisAlignment => _mainAxisAlignment;
MainAxisAlignment _mainAxisAlignment;
set mainAxisAlignment(MainAxisAlignment value) {
if (_mainAxisAlignment != value) {
_mainAxisAlignment = value;
markNeedsLayout();
}
}
/// How much space should be occupied in the main axis.
///
/// After allocating space to children, there might be some remaining free
/// space. This value controls whether to maximize or minimize the amount of
/// free space, subject to the incoming layout constraints.
///
/// If some children have a non-zero flex factors (and none have a fit of
/// [FlexFit.loose]), they will expand to consume all the available space and
/// there will be no remaining free space to maximize or minimize, making this
/// value irrelevant to the final layout.
MainAxisSize get mainAxisSize => _mainAxisSize;
MainAxisSize _mainAxisSize;
set mainAxisSize(MainAxisSize value) {
if (_mainAxisSize != value) {
_mainAxisSize = value;
markNeedsLayout();
}
}
/// How the children should be placed along the cross axis.
///
/// If the [direction] is [Axis.horizontal], and the [crossAxisAlignment] is
/// either [CrossAxisAlignment.start] or [CrossAxisAlignment.end], then the
/// [verticalDirection] must not be null.
///
/// If the [direction] is [Axis.vertical], and the [crossAxisAlignment] is
/// either [CrossAxisAlignment.start] or [CrossAxisAlignment.end], then the
/// [textDirection] must not be null.
CrossAxisAlignment get crossAxisAlignment => _crossAxisAlignment;
CrossAxisAlignment _crossAxisAlignment;
set crossAxisAlignment(CrossAxisAlignment value) {
if (_crossAxisAlignment != value) {
_crossAxisAlignment = value;
markNeedsLayout();
}
}
/// Determines the order to lay children out horizontally and how to interpret
/// `start` and `end` in the horizontal direction.
///
/// If the [direction] is [Axis.horizontal], this controls the order in which
/// children are positioned (left-to-right or right-to-left), and the meaning
/// of the [mainAxisAlignment] property's [MainAxisAlignment.start] and
/// [MainAxisAlignment.end] values.
///
/// If the [direction] is [Axis.horizontal], and either the
/// [mainAxisAlignment] is either [MainAxisAlignment.start] or
/// [MainAxisAlignment.end], or there's more than one child, then the
/// [textDirection] must not be null.
///
/// If the [direction] is [Axis.vertical], this controls the meaning of the
/// [crossAxisAlignment] property's [CrossAxisAlignment.start] and
/// [CrossAxisAlignment.end] values.
///
/// If the [direction] is [Axis.vertical], and the [crossAxisAlignment] is
/// either [CrossAxisAlignment.start] or [CrossAxisAlignment.end], then the
/// [textDirection] must not be null.
TextDirection? get textDirection => _textDirection;
TextDirection? _textDirection;
set textDirection(TextDirection? value) {
if (_textDirection != value) {
_textDirection = value;
markNeedsLayout();
}
}
/// Determines the order to lay children out vertically and how to interpret
/// `start` and `end` in the vertical direction.
///
/// If the [direction] is [Axis.vertical], this controls which order children
/// are painted in (down or up), the meaning of the [mainAxisAlignment]
/// property's [MainAxisAlignment.start] and [MainAxisAlignment.end] values.
///
/// If the [direction] is [Axis.vertical], and either the [mainAxisAlignment]
/// is either [MainAxisAlignment.start] or [MainAxisAlignment.end], or there's
/// more than one child, then the [verticalDirection] must not be null.
///
/// If the [direction] is [Axis.horizontal], this controls the meaning of the
/// [crossAxisAlignment] property's [CrossAxisAlignment.start] and
/// [CrossAxisAlignment.end] values.
///
/// If the [direction] is [Axis.horizontal], and the [crossAxisAlignment] is
/// either [CrossAxisAlignment.start] or [CrossAxisAlignment.end], then the
/// [verticalDirection] must not be null.
VerticalDirection get verticalDirection => _verticalDirection;
VerticalDirection _verticalDirection;
set verticalDirection(VerticalDirection value) {
if (_verticalDirection != value) {
_verticalDirection = value;
markNeedsLayout();
}
}
/// If aligning items according to their baseline, which baseline to use.
///
/// Must not be null if [crossAxisAlignment] is [CrossAxisAlignment.baseline].
TextBaseline? get textBaseline => _textBaseline;
TextBaseline? _textBaseline;
set textBaseline(TextBaseline? value) {
assert(_crossAxisAlignment != CrossAxisAlignment.baseline || value != null);
if (_textBaseline != value) {
_textBaseline = value;
markNeedsLayout();
}
}
bool get _debugHasNecessaryDirections {
if (RenderObject.debugCheckingIntrinsics) {
return true;
}
if (firstChild != null && lastChild != firstChild) {
// i.e. there's more than one child
switch (direction) {
case Axis.horizontal:
assert(
textDirection != null,
'Horizontal $runtimeType with multiple children has a null textDirection, so the layout order is undefined.',
);
case Axis.vertical:
break;
}
}
if (mainAxisAlignment == MainAxisAlignment.start ||
mainAxisAlignment == MainAxisAlignment.end) {
switch (direction) {
case Axis.horizontal:
assert(
textDirection != null,
'Horizontal $runtimeType with $mainAxisAlignment has a null textDirection, so the alignment cannot be resolved.',
);
case Axis.vertical:
break;
}
}
if (crossAxisAlignment == CrossAxisAlignment.start ||
crossAxisAlignment == CrossAxisAlignment.end) {
switch (direction) {
case Axis.horizontal:
break;
case Axis.vertical:
assert(
textDirection != null,
'Vertical $runtimeType with $crossAxisAlignment has a null textDirection, so the alignment cannot be resolved.',
);
}
}
return true;
}
// Set during layout if overflow occurred on the main axis.
double _overflow = 0;
// Check whether any meaningful overflow is present. Values below an epsilon
// are treated as not overflowing.
bool get _hasOverflow => _overflow > precisionErrorTolerance;
/// {@macro flutter.material.Material.clipBehavior}
///
/// Defaults to [Clip.none].
Clip get clipBehavior => _clipBehavior;
Clip _clipBehavior = Clip.none;
set clipBehavior(Clip value) {
if (value != _clipBehavior) {
_clipBehavior = value;
markNeedsPaint();
markNeedsSemanticsUpdate();
}
}
/// {@template flutter.rendering.RenderFlex.spacing}
/// How much space to place between children in the main axis.
///
/// The spacing is only applied between children in the main axis.
///
/// If the [spacing] is 10.0 and the [mainAxisAlignment] is
/// [MainAxisAlignment.start], then the first child will be placed at the start
/// of the main axis, and the second child will be placed 10.0 pixels after
/// the first child in the main axis, and so on. The [spacing] is not applied
/// before the first child or after the last child.
///
/// If the [spacing] is 10.0 and the [mainAxisAlignment] is [MainAxisAlignment.end],
/// then the last child will be placed at the end of the main axis, and the
/// second-to-last child will be placed 10.0 pixels before the last child in
/// the main axis, and so on. The [spacing] is not applied before the first
/// child or after the last child.
///
/// If the [spacing] is 10.0 and the [mainAxisAlignment] is [MainAxisAlignment.center],
/// then the children will be placed in the center of the main axis with 10.0
/// pixels of space between the children. The [spacing] is not applied before the first
/// child or after the last child.
///
/// If the [spacing] is 10.0 and the [mainAxisAlignment] is [MainAxisAlignment.spaceBetween],
/// then there will be a minimum of 10.0 pixels of space between each child in the
/// main axis. If the free space is 100.0 pixels between the two children,
/// then the minimum space between the children will be 10.0 pixels and the
/// remaining 90.0 pixels will be the free space between the children. The
/// [spacing] is not applied before the first child or after the last child.
///
/// If the [spacing] is 10.0 and the [mainAxisAlignment] is [MainAxisAlignment.spaceAround],
/// then there will be a minimum of 10.0 pixels of space between each child in the
/// main axis, and the remaining free space will be placed between the children as
/// well as before the first child and after the last child. The [spacing] is
/// not applied before the first child or after the last child.
///
/// If the [spacing] is 10.0 and the [mainAxisAlignment] is [MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly],
/// then there will be a minimum of 10.0 pixels of space between each child in the
/// main axis, and the remaining free space will be evenly placed between the
/// children as well as before the first child and after the last child. The
/// [spacing] is not applied before the first child or after the last child.
///
/// When the [spacing] is non-zero, the layout size will be larger than
/// the sum of the children's layout sizes in the main axis.
///
/// When the total children's layout sizes and total spacing between the
/// children is greater than the maximum constraints in the main axis, then
/// the children will overflow. For example, if there are two children and the
/// maximum constraint is 100.0 pixels, the children's layout sizes are 50.0
/// pixels each, and the spacing is 10.0 pixels, then the children will
/// overflow by 10.0 pixels.
///
/// Defaults to 0.0.
/// {@endtemplate}
double get spacing => _spacing;
double _spacing;
set spacing(double value) {
if (_spacing == value) {
return;
}
_spacing = value;
markNeedsLayout();
}
@override
void setupParentData(RenderBox child) {
if (child.parentData is! FlexParentData) {
child.parentData = FlexParentData();
}
}
double _getIntrinsicSize({
required Axis sizingDirection,
required double extent, // The extent in the direction that isn't the sizing direction.
required _ChildSizingFunction childSize, // A method to find the size in the sizing direction.
}) {
if (_direction == sizingDirection) {
// INTRINSIC MAIN SIZE
// Intrinsic main size is the smallest size the flex container can take
// while maintaining the min/max-content contributions of its flex items.
double totalFlex = 0.0;
double inflexibleSpace = spacing * (childCount - 1);
double maxFlexFractionSoFar = 0.0;
for (RenderBox? child = firstChild; child != null; child = childAfter(child)) {
final int flex = _getFlex(child);
totalFlex += flex;
if (flex > 0) {
final double flexFraction = childSize(child, extent) / flex;
maxFlexFractionSoFar = math.max(maxFlexFractionSoFar, flexFraction);
} else {
inflexibleSpace += childSize(child, extent);
}
}
return maxFlexFractionSoFar * totalFlex + inflexibleSpace;
} else {
// INTRINSIC CROSS SIZE
// Intrinsic cross size is the max of the intrinsic cross sizes of the
// children, after the flexible children are fit into the available space,
// with the children sized using their max intrinsic dimensions.
final bool isHorizontal = switch (direction) {
Axis.horizontal => true,
Axis.vertical => false,
};
Size layoutChild(RenderBox child, BoxConstraints constraints) {
final double mainAxisSizeFromConstraints =
isHorizontal ? constraints.maxWidth : constraints.maxHeight;
// A infinite mainAxisSizeFromConstraints means this child is flexible (or extent is double.infinity).
assert((_getFlex(child) != 0 && extent.isFinite) == mainAxisSizeFromConstraints.isFinite);
final double maxMainAxisSize =
mainAxisSizeFromConstraints.isFinite
? mainAxisSizeFromConstraints
: (isHorizontal
? child.getMaxIntrinsicWidth(double.infinity)
: child.getMaxIntrinsicHeight(double.infinity));
return isHorizontal
? Size(maxMainAxisSize, childSize(child, maxMainAxisSize))
: Size(childSize(child, maxMainAxisSize), maxMainAxisSize);
}
return _computeSizes(
constraints:
isHorizontal ? BoxConstraints(maxWidth: extent) : BoxConstraints(maxHeight: extent),
layoutChild: layoutChild,
getBaseline: ChildLayoutHelper.getDryBaseline,
).axisSize.crossAxisExtent;
}
}
@override
double computeMinIntrinsicWidth(double height) {
return _getIntrinsicSize(
sizingDirection: Axis.horizontal,
extent: height,
childSize: (RenderBox child, double extent) => child.getMinIntrinsicWidth(extent),
);
}
@override
double computeMaxIntrinsicWidth(double height) {
return _getIntrinsicSize(
sizingDirection: Axis.horizontal,
extent: height,
childSize: (RenderBox child, double extent) => child.getMaxIntrinsicWidth(extent),
);
}
@override
double computeMinIntrinsicHeight(double width) {
return _getIntrinsicSize(
sizingDirection: Axis.vertical,
extent: width,
childSize: (RenderBox child, double extent) => child.getMinIntrinsicHeight(extent),
);
}
@override
double computeMaxIntrinsicHeight(double width) {
return _getIntrinsicSize(
sizingDirection: Axis.vertical,
extent: width,
childSize: (RenderBox child, double extent) => child.getMaxIntrinsicHeight(extent),
);
}
@override
double? computeDistanceToActualBaseline(TextBaseline baseline) {
return switch (_direction) {
Axis.horizontal => defaultComputeDistanceToHighestActualBaseline(baseline),
Axis.vertical => defaultComputeDistanceToFirstActualBaseline(baseline),
};
}
static int _getFlex(RenderBox child) {
final FlexParentData childParentData = child.parentData! as FlexParentData;
return childParentData.flex ?? 0;
}
static FlexFit _getFit(RenderBox child) {
final FlexParentData childParentData = child.parentData! as FlexParentData;
return childParentData.fit ?? FlexFit.tight;
}
bool get _isBaselineAligned {
return switch (crossAxisAlignment) {
CrossAxisAlignment.baseline => switch (direction) {
Axis.horizontal => true,
Axis.vertical => false,
},
CrossAxisAlignment.start ||
CrossAxisAlignment.center ||
CrossAxisAlignment.end ||
CrossAxisAlignment.stretch => false,
};
}
double _getCrossSize(Size size) {
return switch (_direction) {
Axis.horizontal => size.height,
Axis.vertical => size.width,
};
}
double _getMainSize(Size size) {
return switch (_direction) {
Axis.horizontal => size.width,
Axis.vertical => size.height,
};
}
// flipMainAxis is used to decide whether to lay out
// left-to-right/top-to-bottom (false), or right-to-left/bottom-to-top
// (true). Returns false in cases when the layout direction does not matter
// (for instance, there is no child).
bool get _flipMainAxis =>
firstChild != null &&
switch (direction) {
Axis.horizontal => switch (textDirection) {
null || TextDirection.ltr => false,
TextDirection.rtl => true,
},
Axis.vertical => switch (verticalDirection) {
VerticalDirection.down => false,
VerticalDirection.up => true,
},
};
bool get _flipCrossAxis =>
firstChild != null &&
switch (direction) {
Axis.vertical => switch (textDirection) {
null || TextDirection.ltr => false,
TextDirection.rtl => true,
},
Axis.horizontal => switch (verticalDirection) {
VerticalDirection.down => false,
VerticalDirection.up => true,
},
};
BoxConstraints _constraintsForNonFlexChild(BoxConstraints constraints) {
final bool fillCrossAxis = switch (crossAxisAlignment) {
CrossAxisAlignment.stretch => true,
CrossAxisAlignment.start ||
CrossAxisAlignment.center ||
CrossAxisAlignment.end ||
CrossAxisAlignment.baseline => false,
};
return switch (_direction) {
Axis.horizontal =>
fillCrossAxis
? BoxConstraints.tightFor(height: constraints.maxHeight)
: BoxConstraints(maxHeight: constraints.maxHeight),
Axis.vertical =>
fillCrossAxis
? BoxConstraints.tightFor(width: constraints.maxWidth)
: BoxConstraints(maxWidth: constraints.maxWidth),
};
}
BoxConstraints _constraintsForFlexChild(
RenderBox child,
BoxConstraints constraints,
double maxChildExtent,
) {
assert(_getFlex(child) > 0.0);
assert(maxChildExtent >= 0.0);
final double minChildExtent = switch (_getFit(child)) {
FlexFit.tight => maxChildExtent,
FlexFit.loose => 0.0,
};
final bool fillCrossAxis = switch (crossAxisAlignment) {
CrossAxisAlignment.stretch => true,
CrossAxisAlignment.start ||
CrossAxisAlignment.center ||
CrossAxisAlignment.end ||
CrossAxisAlignment.baseline => false,
};
return switch (_direction) {
Axis.horizontal => BoxConstraints(
minWidth: minChildExtent,
maxWidth: maxChildExtent,
minHeight: fillCrossAxis ? constraints.maxHeight : 0.0,
maxHeight: constraints.maxHeight,
),
Axis.vertical => BoxConstraints(
minWidth: fillCrossAxis ? constraints.maxWidth : 0.0,
maxWidth: constraints.maxWidth,
minHeight: minChildExtent,
maxHeight: maxChildExtent,
),
};
}
@override
double? computeDryBaseline(BoxConstraints constraints, TextBaseline baseline) {
final _LayoutSizes sizes = _computeSizes(
constraints: constraints,
layoutChild: ChildLayoutHelper.dryLayoutChild,
getBaseline: ChildLayoutHelper.getDryBaseline,
);
if (_isBaselineAligned) {
return sizes.baselineOffset;
}
final BoxConstraints nonFlexConstraints = _constraintsForNonFlexChild(constraints);
BoxConstraints constraintsForChild(RenderBox child) {
final double? spacePerFlex = sizes.spacePerFlex;
final int flex;
return spacePerFlex != null && (flex = _getFlex(child)) > 0
? _constraintsForFlexChild(child, constraints, flex * spacePerFlex)
: nonFlexConstraints;
}
BaselineOffset baselineOffset = BaselineOffset.noBaseline;
switch (direction) {
case Axis.vertical:
final double freeSpace = math.max(0.0, sizes.mainAxisFreeSpace);
final bool flipMainAxis = _flipMainAxis;
final (double leadingSpaceY, double spaceBetween) = mainAxisAlignment._distributeSpace(
freeSpace,
childCount,
flipMainAxis,
spacing,
);
double y =
flipMainAxis
? leadingSpaceY +
(childCount - 1) * spaceBetween +
(sizes.axisSize.mainAxisExtent - sizes.mainAxisFreeSpace)
: leadingSpaceY;
final double directionUnit = flipMainAxis ? -1.0 : 1.0;
for (
RenderBox? child = firstChild;
baselineOffset == BaselineOffset.noBaseline && child != null;
child = childAfter(child)
) {
final BoxConstraints childConstraints = constraintsForChild(child);
final Size childSize = child.getDryLayout(childConstraints);
final double? childBaselineOffset = child.getDryBaseline(childConstraints, baseline);
final double additionalY = flipMainAxis ? -childSize.height : 0.0;
baselineOffset = BaselineOffset(childBaselineOffset) + y + additionalY;
y += directionUnit * (spaceBetween + childSize.height);
}
case Axis.horizontal:
final bool flipCrossAxis = _flipCrossAxis;
for (RenderBox? child = firstChild; child != null; child = childAfter(child)) {
final BoxConstraints childConstraints = constraintsForChild(child);
final BaselineOffset distance = BaselineOffset(
child.getDryBaseline(childConstraints, baseline),
);
final double freeCrossAxisSpace =
sizes.axisSize.crossAxisExtent - child.getDryLayout(childConstraints).height;
final BaselineOffset childBaseline =
distance +
crossAxisAlignment._getChildCrossAxisOffset(freeCrossAxisSpace, flipCrossAxis);
baselineOffset = baselineOffset.minOf(childBaseline);
}
}
return baselineOffset.offset;
}
@override
@protected
Size computeDryLayout(covariant BoxConstraints constraints) {
FlutterError? constraintsError;
assert(() {
constraintsError = _debugCheckConstraints(
constraints: constraints,
reportParentConstraints: false,
);
return true;
}());
if (constraintsError != null) {
assert(debugCannotComputeDryLayout(error: constraintsError));
return Size.zero;
}
return _computeSizes(
constraints: constraints,
layoutChild: ChildLayoutHelper.dryLayoutChild,
getBaseline: ChildLayoutHelper.getDryBaseline,
).axisSize.toSize(direction);
}
FlutterError? _debugCheckConstraints({
required BoxConstraints constraints,
required bool reportParentConstraints,
}) {
FlutterError? result;
assert(() {
final double maxMainSize =
_direction == Axis.horizontal ? constraints.maxWidth : constraints.maxHeight;
final bool canFlex = maxMainSize < double.infinity;
RenderBox? child = firstChild;
while (child != null) {
final int flex = _getFlex(child);
if (flex > 0) {
final String identity = _direction == Axis.horizontal ? 'row' : 'column';
final String axis = _direction == Axis.horizontal ? 'horizontal' : 'vertical';
final String dimension = _direction == Axis.horizontal ? 'width' : 'height';
DiagnosticsNode error, message;
final List<DiagnosticsNode> addendum = <DiagnosticsNode>[];
if (!canFlex && (mainAxisSize == MainAxisSize.max || _getFit(child) == FlexFit.tight)) {
error = ErrorSummary(
'RenderFlex children have non-zero flex but incoming $dimension constraints are unbounded.',
);
message = ErrorDescription(
'When a $identity is in a parent that does not provide a finite $dimension constraint, for example '
'if it is in a $axis scrollable, it will try to shrink-wrap its children along the $axis '
'axis. Setting a flex on a child (e.g. using Expanded) indicates that the child is to '
'expand to fill the remaining space in the $axis direction.',
);
if (reportParentConstraints) {
// Constraints of parents are unavailable in dry layout.
RenderBox? node = this;
switch (_direction) {
case Axis.horizontal:
while (!node!.constraints.hasBoundedWidth && node.parent is RenderBox) {
node = node.parent! as RenderBox;
}
if (!node.constraints.hasBoundedWidth) {
node = null;
}
case Axis.vertical:
while (!node!.constraints.hasBoundedHeight && node.parent is RenderBox) {
node = node.parent! as RenderBox;
}
if (!node.constraints.hasBoundedHeight) {
node = null;
}
}
if (node != null) {
addendum.add(
node.describeForError(
'The nearest ancestor providing an unbounded width constraint is',
),
);
}
}
addendum.add(ErrorHint('See also: https://flutter.dev/unbounded-constraints'));
} else {
return true;
}
result = FlutterError.fromParts(<DiagnosticsNode>[
error,
message,
ErrorDescription(
'These two directives are mutually exclusive. If a parent is to shrink-wrap its child, the child '
'cannot simultaneously expand to fit its parent.',
),
ErrorHint(
'Consider setting mainAxisSize to MainAxisSize.min and using FlexFit.loose fits for the flexible '
'children (using Flexible rather than Expanded). This will allow the flexible children '
'to size themselves to less than the infinite remaining space they would otherwise be '
'forced to take, and then will cause the RenderFlex to shrink-wrap the children '
'rather than expanding to fit the maximum constraints provided by the parent.',
),
ErrorDescription(
'If this message did not help you determine the problem, consider using debugDumpRenderTree():\n'
' https://flutter.dev/to/debug-render-layer\n'
' https://api.flutter.dev/flutter/rendering/debugDumpRenderTree.html',
),
describeForError(
'The affected RenderFlex is',
style: DiagnosticsTreeStyle.errorProperty,
),
DiagnosticsProperty<dynamic>(
'The creator information is set to',
debugCreator,
style: DiagnosticsTreeStyle.errorProperty,
),
...addendum,
ErrorDescription(
"If none of the above helps enough to fix this problem, please don't hesitate to file a bug:\n"
' https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/new?template=2_bug.yml',
),
]);
return true;
}
child = childAfter(child);
}
return true;
}());
return result;
}
_LayoutSizes _computeSizes({
required BoxConstraints constraints,
required ChildLayouter layoutChild,
required ChildBaselineGetter getBaseline,
}) {
assert(_debugHasNecessaryDirections);
// Determine used flex factor, size inflexible items, calculate free space.
final double maxMainSize = _getMainSize(constraints.biggest);
final bool canFlex = maxMainSize.isFinite;
final BoxConstraints nonFlexChildConstraints = _constraintsForNonFlexChild(constraints);
// Null indicates the children are not baseline aligned.
final TextBaseline? textBaseline =
_isBaselineAligned
? (this.textBaseline ??
(throw FlutterError(
'To use CrossAxisAlignment.baseline, you must also specify which baseline to use using the "textBaseline" argument.',
)))
: null;
// The first pass lays out non-flex children and computes total flex.
int totalFlex = 0;
RenderBox? firstFlexChild;
_AscentDescent accumulatedAscentDescent = _AscentDescent.none;
// Initially, accumulatedSize is the sum of the spaces between children in the main axis.
_AxisSize accumulatedSize = _AxisSize._(Size(spacing * (childCount - 1), 0.0));
for (RenderBox? child = firstChild; child != null; child = childAfter(child)) {
final int flex;
if (canFlex && (flex = _getFlex(child)) > 0) {
totalFlex += flex;
firstFlexChild ??= child;
} else {
final _AxisSize childSize = _AxisSize.fromSize(
size: layoutChild(child, nonFlexChildConstraints),
direction: direction,
);
accumulatedSize += childSize;
// Baseline-aligned children contributes to the cross axis extent separately.
final double? baselineOffset =
textBaseline == null ? null : getBaseline(child, nonFlexChildConstraints, textBaseline);
accumulatedAscentDescent += _AscentDescent(
baselineOffset: baselineOffset,
crossSize: childSize.crossAxisExtent,
);
}
}
assert((totalFlex == 0) == (firstFlexChild == null));
assert(
firstFlexChild == null || canFlex,
); // If we are given infinite space there's no need for this extra step.
// The second pass distributes free space to flexible children.
final double flexSpace = math.max(0.0, maxMainSize - accumulatedSize.mainAxisExtent);
final double spacePerFlex = flexSpace / totalFlex;
for (
RenderBox? child = firstFlexChild;
child != null && totalFlex > 0;
child = childAfter(child)
) {
final int flex = _getFlex(child);
if (flex == 0) {
continue;
}
totalFlex -= flex;
assert(spacePerFlex.isFinite);
final double maxChildExtent = spacePerFlex * flex;
assert(_getFit(child) == FlexFit.loose || maxChildExtent < double.infinity);
final BoxConstraints childConstraints = _constraintsForFlexChild(
child,
constraints,
maxChildExtent,
);
final _AxisSize childSize = _AxisSize.fromSize(
size: layoutChild(child, childConstraints),
direction: direction,
);
accumulatedSize += childSize;
final double? baselineOffset =
textBaseline == null ? null : getBaseline(child, childConstraints, textBaseline);
accumulatedAscentDescent += _AscentDescent(
baselineOffset: baselineOffset,
crossSize: childSize.crossAxisExtent,
);
}
assert(totalFlex == 0);
// The overall height of baseline-aligned children contributes to the cross axis extent.
accumulatedSize += switch (accumulatedAscentDescent) {
null => _AxisSize.empty,
(final double ascent, final double descent) => _AxisSize(
mainAxisExtent: 0,
crossAxisExtent: ascent + descent,
),
};
final double idealMainSize = switch (mainAxisSize) {
MainAxisSize.max when maxMainSize.isFinite => maxMainSize,
MainAxisSize.max || MainAxisSize.min => accumulatedSize.mainAxisExtent,
};
final _AxisSize constrainedSize = _AxisSize(
mainAxisExtent: idealMainSize,
crossAxisExtent: accumulatedSize.crossAxisExtent,
).applyConstraints(constraints, direction);
return _LayoutSizes(
axisSize: constrainedSize,
mainAxisFreeSpace: constrainedSize.mainAxisExtent - accumulatedSize.mainAxisExtent,
baselineOffset: accumulatedAscentDescent.baselineOffset,
spacePerFlex: firstFlexChild == null ? null : spacePerFlex,
);
}
@override
void performLayout() {
final BoxConstraints constraints = this.constraints;
assert(() {
final FlutterError? constraintsError = _debugCheckConstraints(
constraints: constraints,
reportParentConstraints: true,
);
if (constraintsError != null) {
throw constraintsError;
}
return true;
}());
final _LayoutSizes sizes = _computeSizes(
constraints: constraints,
layoutChild: ChildLayoutHelper.layoutChild,
getBaseline: ChildLayoutHelper.getBaseline,
);
final double crossAxisExtent = sizes.axisSize.crossAxisExtent;
size = sizes.axisSize.toSize(direction);
_overflow = math.max(0.0, -sizes.mainAxisFreeSpace);
final double remainingSpace = math.max(0.0, sizes.mainAxisFreeSpace);
final bool flipMainAxis = _flipMainAxis;
final bool flipCrossAxis = _flipCrossAxis;
final (double leadingSpace, double betweenSpace) = mainAxisAlignment._distributeSpace(
remainingSpace,
childCount,
flipMainAxis,
spacing,
);
final (_NextChild nextChild, RenderBox? topLeftChild) =
flipMainAxis ? (childBefore, lastChild) : (childAfter, firstChild);
final double? baselineOffset = sizes.baselineOffset;
assert(
baselineOffset == null ||
(crossAxisAlignment == CrossAxisAlignment.baseline && direction == Axis.horizontal),
);
// Position all children in visual order: starting from the top-left child and
// work towards the child that's farthest away from the origin.
double childMainPosition = leadingSpace;
for (RenderBox? child = topLeftChild; child != null; child = nextChild(child)) {
final double? childBaselineOffset;
final bool baselineAlign =
baselineOffset != null &&
(childBaselineOffset = child.getDistanceToBaseline(textBaseline!, onlyReal: true)) !=
null;
final double childCrossPosition =
baselineAlign
? baselineOffset - childBaselineOffset!
: crossAxisAlignment._getChildCrossAxisOffset(
crossAxisExtent - _getCrossSize(child.size),
flipCrossAxis,
);
final FlexParentData childParentData = child.parentData! as FlexParentData;
childParentData.offset = switch (direction) {
Axis.horizontal => Offset(childMainPosition, childCrossPosition),
Axis.vertical => Offset(childCrossPosition, childMainPosition),
};
childMainPosition += _getMainSize(child.size) + betweenSpace;
}
}
@override
bool hitTestChildren(BoxHitTestResult result, {required Offset position}) {
return defaultHitTestChildren(result, position: position);
}
@override
void paint(PaintingContext context, Offset offset) {
if (!_hasOverflow) {
defaultPaint(context, offset);
return;
}
// There's no point in drawing the children if we're empty.
if (size.isEmpty) {
return;
}
_clipRectLayer.layer = context.pushClipRect(
needsCompositing,
offset,
Offset.zero & size,
defaultPaint,
clipBehavior: clipBehavior,
oldLayer: _clipRectLayer.layer,
);
assert(() {
final List<DiagnosticsNode> debugOverflowHints = <DiagnosticsNode>[
ErrorDescription('The overflowing $runtimeType has an orientation of $_direction.'),
ErrorDescription(
'The edge of the $runtimeType that is overflowing has been marked '
'in the rendering with a yellow and black striped pattern. This is '
'usually caused by the contents being too big for the $runtimeType.',
),
ErrorHint(
'Consider applying a flex factor (e.g. using an Expanded widget) to '
'force the children of the $runtimeType to fit within the available '
'space instead of being sized to their natural size.',
),
ErrorHint(
'This is considered an error condition because it indicates that there '
'is content that cannot be seen. If the content is legitimately bigger '
'than the available space, consider clipping it with a ClipRect widget '
'before putting it in the flex, or using a scrollable container rather '
'than a Flex, like a ListView.',
),
];
// Simulate a child rect that overflows by the right amount. This child
// rect is never used for drawing, just for determining the overflow
// location and amount.
final Rect overflowChildRect = switch (_direction) {
Axis.horizontal => Rect.fromLTWH(0.0, 0.0, size.width + _overflow, 0.0),
Axis.vertical => Rect.fromLTWH(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, size.height + _overflow),
};
paintOverflowIndicator(
context,
offset,
Offset.zero & size,
overflowChildRect,
overflowHints: debugOverflowHints,
);
return true;
}());
}
final LayerHandle<ClipRectLayer> _clipRectLayer = LayerHandle<ClipRectLayer>();
@override
void dispose() {
_clipRectLayer.layer = null;
super.dispose();
}
@override
Rect? describeApproximatePaintClip(RenderObject child) {
switch (clipBehavior) {
case Clip.none:
return null;
case Clip.hardEdge:
case Clip.antiAlias:
case Clip.antiAliasWithSaveLayer:
return _hasOverflow ? Offset.zero & size : null;
}
}
@override
String toStringShort() {
String header = super.toStringShort();
if (!kReleaseMode) {
if (_hasOverflow) {
header += ' OVERFLOWING';
}
}
return header;
}
@override
void debugFillProperties(DiagnosticPropertiesBuilder properties) {
super.debugFillProperties(properties);
properties.add(EnumProperty<Axis>('direction', direction));
properties.add(EnumProperty<MainAxisAlignment>('mainAxisAlignment', mainAxisAlignment));
properties.add(EnumProperty<MainAxisSize>('mainAxisSize', mainAxisSize));
properties.add(EnumProperty<CrossAxisAlignment>('crossAxisAlignment', crossAxisAlignment));
properties.add(EnumProperty<TextDirection>('textDirection', textDirection, defaultValue: null));
properties.add(
EnumProperty<VerticalDirection>('verticalDirection', verticalDirection, defaultValue: null),
);
properties.add(EnumProperty<TextBaseline>('textBaseline', textBaseline, defaultValue: null));
properties.add(DoubleProperty('spacing', spacing, defaultValue: null));
}
}