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// Copyright 2014 The Flutter Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
import 'dart:ui' as ui;
import 'package:flutter/rendering.dart';
import 'basic.dart';
import 'debug.dart';
import 'framework.dart';
import 'media_query.dart';
/// Controls how the [SnapshotWidget] paints its child.
enum SnapshotMode {
/// The child is snapshotted, but only if all descendants can be snapshotted.
///
/// If there is a platform view in the children of a snapshot widget, the
/// snapshot will not be used and the child will be rendered using
/// [SnapshotPainter.paint]. This uses an un-snapshotted child and by default
/// paints it with no additional modification.
permissive,
/// An error is thrown if the child cannot be snapshotted.
///
/// This setting is the default state of the [SnapshotWidget].
normal,
/// The child is snapshotted and any child platform views are ignored.
///
/// This mode can be useful if there is a platform view descendant that does
/// not need to be included in the snapshot.
forced,
}
/// A controller for the [SnapshotWidget] that controls when the child image is displayed
/// and when to regenerated the child image.
///
/// When the value of [allowSnapshotting] is true, the [SnapshotWidget] will paint the child
/// widgets based on the [SnapshotMode] of the snapshot widget.
///
/// The controller notifies its listeners when the value of [allowSnapshotting] changes
/// or when [clear] is called.
///
/// To force [SnapshotWidget] to recreate the child image, call [clear].
class SnapshotController extends ChangeNotifier {
/// Create a new [SnapshotController].
///
/// By default, [allowSnapshotting] is `false` and cannot be `null`.
SnapshotController({
bool allowSnapshotting = false,
}) : _allowSnapshotting = allowSnapshotting;
/// Reset the snapshot held by any listening [SnapshotWidget].
///
/// This has no effect if [allowSnapshotting] is `false`.
void clear() {
notifyListeners();
}
/// Whether a snapshot of this child widget is painted in its place.
bool get allowSnapshotting => _allowSnapshotting;
bool _allowSnapshotting;
set allowSnapshotting(bool value) {
if (value == allowSnapshotting) {
return;
}
_allowSnapshotting = value;
notifyListeners();
}
}
/// A widget that can replace its child with a snapshotted version of the child.
///
/// A snapshot is a frozen texture-backed representation of all child pictures
/// and layers stored as a [ui.Image].
///
/// This widget is useful for performing short animations that would otherwise
/// be expensive or that cannot rely on raster caching. For example, scale and
/// skew animations are often expensive to perform on complex children, as are
/// blurs. For a short animation, a widget that contains these expensive effects
/// can be replaced with a snapshot of itself and manipulated instead.
///
/// For example, the Android Q [ZoomPageTransitionsBuilder] uses a snapshot widget
/// for the forward and entering route to avoid the expensive scale animation.
/// This also has the effect of briefly pausing any animations on the page.
///
/// Generally, this widget should not be used in places where users expect the
/// child widget to continue animating or to be responsive, such as an unbounded
/// animation.
///
/// Caveats:
///
/// * The contents of platform views cannot be captured by a snapshot
/// widget. If a platform view is encountered, then the snapshot widget will
/// determine how to render its children based on the [SnapshotMode]. This
/// defaults to [SnapshotMode.normal] which will throw an exception if a
/// platform view is encountered.
///
/// * The snapshotting functionality of this widget is not supported on the HTML
/// backend of Flutter for the Web. Setting [SnapshotController.allowSnapshotting] to true
/// may cause an error to be thrown. On the CanvasKit backend of Flutter, the
/// performance of using this widget may regress performance due to the fact
/// that both the UI and engine share a single thread.
class SnapshotWidget extends SingleChildRenderObjectWidget {
/// Create a new [SnapshotWidget].
///
/// The [controller] and [child] arguments are required.
const SnapshotWidget({
super.key,
this.mode = SnapshotMode.normal,
this.painter = const _DefaultSnapshotPainter(),
required this.controller,
required super.child
});
/// The controller that determines when to display the children as a snapshot.
final SnapshotController controller;
/// Configuration that controls how the snapshot widget decides to paint its children.
///
/// Defaults to [SnapshotMode.normal], which throws an error when a platform view
/// or texture view is encountered.
///
/// See [SnapshotMode] for more information.
final SnapshotMode mode;
/// The painter used to paint the child snapshot or child widgets.
final SnapshotPainter painter;
@override
RenderObject createRenderObject(BuildContext context) {
debugCheckHasMediaQuery(context);
return _RenderSnapshotWidget(
controller: controller,
mode: mode,
devicePixelRatio: MediaQuery.of(context).devicePixelRatio,
painter: painter,
);
}
@override
void updateRenderObject(BuildContext context, covariant RenderObject renderObject) {
debugCheckHasMediaQuery(context);
(renderObject as _RenderSnapshotWidget)
..controller = controller
..mode = mode
..devicePixelRatio = MediaQuery.of(context).devicePixelRatio
..painter = painter;
}
}
// A render object that conditionally converts its child into a [ui.Image]
// and then paints it in place of the child.
class _RenderSnapshotWidget extends RenderProxyBox {
// Create a new [_RenderSnapshotWidget].
_RenderSnapshotWidget({
required double devicePixelRatio,
required SnapshotController controller,
required SnapshotMode mode,
required SnapshotPainter painter,
}) : _devicePixelRatio = devicePixelRatio,
_controller = controller,
_mode = mode,
_painter = painter;
/// The device pixel ratio used to create the child image.
double get devicePixelRatio => _devicePixelRatio;
double _devicePixelRatio;
set devicePixelRatio(double value) {
if (value == devicePixelRatio) {
return;
}
_devicePixelRatio = value;
if (_childRaster == null) {
return;
} else {
_childRaster?.dispose();
_childRaster = null;
markNeedsPaint();
}
}
/// The painter used to paint the child snapshot or child widgets.
SnapshotPainter get painter => _painter;
SnapshotPainter _painter;
set painter(SnapshotPainter value) {
if (value == painter) {
return;
}
final SnapshotPainter oldPainter = painter;
oldPainter.removeListener(markNeedsPaint);
_painter = value;
if (oldPainter.runtimeType != painter.runtimeType ||
painter.shouldRepaint(oldPainter)) {
markNeedsPaint();
}
if (attached) {
painter.addListener(markNeedsPaint);
}
}
/// A controller that determines whether to paint the child normally or to
/// paint a snapshotted version of that child.
SnapshotController get controller => _controller;
SnapshotController _controller;
set controller(SnapshotController value) {
if (value == controller) {
return;
}
controller.removeListener(_onRasterValueChanged);
final bool oldValue = controller.allowSnapshotting;
_controller = value;
if (attached) {
controller.addListener(_onRasterValueChanged);
if (oldValue != controller.allowSnapshotting) {
_onRasterValueChanged();
}
}
}
/// How the snapshot widget will handle platform views in child layers.
SnapshotMode get mode => _mode;
SnapshotMode _mode;
set mode(SnapshotMode value) {
if (value == _mode) {
return;
}
_mode = value;
markNeedsPaint();
}
ui.Image? _childRaster;
// Set to true if the snapshot mode was not forced and a platform view
// was encountered while attempting to snapshot the child.
bool _disableSnapshotAttempt = false;
@override
void attach(covariant PipelineOwner owner) {
controller.addListener(_onRasterValueChanged);
painter.addListener(markNeedsPaint);
super.attach(owner);
}
@override
void detach() {
_disableSnapshotAttempt = false;
controller.removeListener(_onRasterValueChanged);
painter.removeListener(markNeedsPaint);
_childRaster?.dispose();
_childRaster = null;
super.detach();
}
@override
void dispose() {
controller.removeListener(_onRasterValueChanged);
painter.removeListener(markNeedsPaint);
_childRaster?.dispose();
_childRaster = null;
super.dispose();
}
void _onRasterValueChanged() {
_disableSnapshotAttempt = false;
_childRaster?.dispose();
_childRaster = null;
markNeedsPaint();
}
// Paint [child] with this painting context, then convert to a raster and detach all
// children from this layer.
ui.Image? _paintAndDetachToImage() {
final OffsetLayer offsetLayer = OffsetLayer();
final PaintingContext context = PaintingContext(offsetLayer, Offset.zero & size);
super.paint(context, Offset.zero);
// This ignore is here because this method is protected by the `PaintingContext`. Adding a new
// method that performs the work of `_paintAndDetachToImage` would avoid the need for this, but
// that would conflict with our goals of minimizing painting context.
// ignore: invalid_use_of_protected_member
context.stopRecordingIfNeeded();
if (mode != SnapshotMode.forced && !offsetLayer.supportsRasterization()) {
if (mode == SnapshotMode.normal) {
throw FlutterError('SnapshotWidget used with a child that contains a PlatformView.');
}
_disableSnapshotAttempt = true;
return null;
}
final ui.Image image = offsetLayer.toImageSync(Offset.zero & size, pixelRatio: devicePixelRatio);
offsetLayer.dispose();
return image;
}
@override
void paint(PaintingContext context, Offset offset) {
if (size.isEmpty) {
_childRaster?.dispose();
_childRaster = null;
return;
}
if (!controller.allowSnapshotting || _disableSnapshotAttempt) {
_childRaster?.dispose();
_childRaster = null;
painter.paint(context, offset, size, super.paint);
return;
}
_childRaster ??= _paintAndDetachToImage();
if (_childRaster == null) {
painter.paint(context, offset, size, super.paint);
} else {
painter.paintSnapshot(context, offset, size, _childRaster!, devicePixelRatio);
}
return;
}
}
/// A painter used to paint either a snapshot or the child widgets that
/// would be a snapshot.
///
/// The painter can call [notifyListeners] to have the [SnapshotWidget]
/// re-paint (re-using the same raster). This allows animations to be performed
/// without re-snapshotting of children. For certain scale or perspective changing
/// transforms, such as a rotation, this can be significantly faster than performing
/// the same animation at the widget level.
///
/// By default, the [SnapshotWidget] includes a delegate that draws the child raster
/// exactly as the child widgets would have been drawn. Nevertheless, this can
/// also be used to efficiently transform the child raster and apply complex paint
/// effects.
///
/// {@tool snippet}
///
/// The following method shows how to efficiently rotate the child raster.
///
/// ```dart
/// void paint(PaintingContext context, Offset offset, Size size, ui.Image image, double pixelRatio) {
/// const double radians = 0.5; // Could be driven by an animation.
/// final Matrix4 transform = Matrix4.rotationZ(radians);
/// context.canvas.transform(transform.storage);
/// final Rect src = Rect.fromLTWH(0, 0, image.width.toDouble(), image.height.toDouble());
/// final Rect dst = Rect.fromLTWH(offset.dx, offset.dy, size.width, size.height);
/// final Paint paint = Paint()
/// ..filterQuality = FilterQuality.low;
/// context.canvas.drawImageRect(image, src, dst, paint);
/// }
/// ```
/// {@end-tool}
abstract class SnapshotPainter extends ChangeNotifier {
/// Called whenever the [image] that represents a [SnapshotWidget]s child should be painted.
///
/// The image is rasterized at the physical pixel resolution and should be scaled down by
/// [pixelRatio] to account for device independent pixels.
///
/// {@tool snippet}
///
/// The following method shows how the default implementation of the delegate used by the
/// [SnapshotPainter] paints the snapshot. This must account for the fact that the image
/// width and height will be given in physical pixels, while the image must be painted with
/// device independent pixels. That is, the width and height of the image is the widget and
/// height of the provided `size`, multiplied by the `pixelRatio`:
///
/// ```dart
/// void paint(PaintingContext context, Offset offset, Size size, ui.Image image, double pixelRatio) {
/// final Rect src = Rect.fromLTWH(0, 0, image.width.toDouble(), image.height.toDouble());
/// final Rect dst = Rect.fromLTWH(offset.dx, offset.dy, size.width, size.height);
/// final Paint paint = Paint()
/// ..filterQuality = FilterQuality.low;
/// context.canvas.drawImageRect(image, src, dst, paint);
/// }
/// ```
/// {@end-tool}
void paintSnapshot(PaintingContext context, Offset offset, Size size, ui.Image image, double pixelRatio);
/// Paint the child via [painter], applying any effects that would have been painted
/// in [SnapshotPainter.paintSnapshot].
///
/// This method is called when snapshotting is disabled, or when [SnapshotMode.permissive]
/// is used and a child platform view prevents snapshotting.
///
/// The [offset] and [size] are the location and dimensions of the render object.
void paint(PaintingContext context, Offset offset, Size size, PaintingContextCallback painter);
/// Called whenever a new instance of the snapshot widget delegate class is
/// provided to the [SnapshotWidget] object, or any time that a new
/// [SnapshotPainter] object is created with a new instance of the
/// delegate class (which amounts to the same thing, because the latter is
/// implemented in terms of the former).
///
/// If the new instance represents different information than the old
/// instance, then the method should return true, otherwise it should return
/// false.
///
/// If the method returns false, then the [paint] call might be optimized
/// away.
///
/// It's possible that the [paint] method will get called even if
/// [shouldRepaint] returns false (e.g. if an ancestor or descendant needed to
/// be repainted). It's also possible that the [paint] method will get called
/// without [shouldRepaint] being called at all (e.g. if the box changes
/// size).
///
/// Changing the delegate will not cause the child image retained by the
/// [SnapshotWidget] to be updated. Instead, [SnapshotController.clear] can
/// be used to force the generation of a new image.
///
/// The `oldPainter` argument will never be null.
bool shouldRepaint(covariant SnapshotPainter oldPainter);
}
class _DefaultSnapshotPainter implements SnapshotPainter {
const _DefaultSnapshotPainter();
@override
void addListener(ui.VoidCallback listener) { }
@override
void dispose() { }
@override
bool get hasListeners => false;
@override
void notifyListeners() { }
@override
void paint(PaintingContext context, ui.Offset offset, ui.Size size, PaintingContextCallback painter) {
painter(context, offset);
}
@override
void paintSnapshot(PaintingContext context, ui.Offset offset, ui.Size size, ui.Image image, double pixelRatio) {
final Rect src = Rect.fromLTWH(0, 0, image.width.toDouble(), image.height.toDouble());
final Rect dst = Rect.fromLTWH(offset.dx, offset.dy, size.width, size.height);
final Paint paint = Paint()
..filterQuality = FilterQuality.low;
context.canvas.drawImageRect(image, src, dst, paint);
}
@override
void removeListener(ui.VoidCallback listener) { }
@override
bool shouldRepaint(covariant _DefaultSnapshotPainter oldPainter) => false;
}