doc/man3/ASYNC_start_job.pod - third_party/openssl - Git at Google

 =pod

 =head1 NAME

 ASYNC_get_wait_ctx,
 ASYNC_init_thread, ASYNC_cleanup_thread, ASYNC_start_job, ASYNC_pause_job,
 ASYNC_get_current_job, ASYNC_block_pause, ASYNC_unblock_pause, ASYNC_is_capable,
 ASYNC_stack_alloc_fn, ASYNC_stack_free_fn, ASYNC_set_mem_functions, ASYNC_get_mem_functions
 - asynchronous job management functions

 =head1 SYNOPSIS

  #include <openssl/async.h>

  int ASYNC_init_thread(size_t max_size, size_t init_size);
  void ASYNC_cleanup_thread(void);

  int ASYNC_start_job(ASYNC_JOB **job, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx, int *ret,
                      int (*func)(void *), void *args, size_t size);
  int ASYNC_pause_job(void);

  ASYNC_JOB *ASYNC_get_current_job(void);
  ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ASYNC_get_wait_ctx(ASYNC_JOB *job);
  void ASYNC_block_pause(void);
  void ASYNC_unblock_pause(void);

  int ASYNC_is_capable(void);

  typedef void *(*ASYNC_stack_alloc_fn)(size_t *num);
  typedef void (*ASYNC_stack_free_fn)(void *addr);
  int ASYNC_set_mem_functions(ASYNC_stack_alloc_fn alloc_fn,
                              ASYNC_stack_free_fn free_fn);
  void ASYNC_get_mem_functions(ASYNC_stack_alloc_fn *alloc_fn,
                               ASYNC_stack_free_fn *free_fn);

 =head1 DESCRIPTION

 OpenSSL implements asynchronous capabilities through an B<ASYNC_JOB>. This
 represents code that can be started and executes until some event occurs. At
 that point the code can be paused and control returns to user code until some
 subsequent event indicates that the job can be resumed.

 The creation of an B<ASYNC_JOB> is a relatively expensive operation. Therefore,
 for efficiency reasons, jobs can be created up front and reused many times. They
 are held in a pool until they are needed, at which point they are removed from
 the pool, used, and then returned to the pool when the job completes. If the
 user application is multi-threaded, then ASYNC_init_thread() may be called for
 each thread that will initiate asynchronous jobs. Before
 user code exits per-thread resources need to be cleaned up. This will normally
 occur automatically (see L<OPENSSL_init_crypto(3)>) but may be explicitly
 initiated by using ASYNC_cleanup_thread(). No asynchronous jobs must be
 outstanding for the thread when ASYNC_cleanup_thread() is called. Failing to
 ensure this will result in memory leaks.

 The I<max_size> argument limits the number of B<ASYNC_JOB>s that will be held in
 the pool. If I<max_size> is set to 0 then no upper limit is set. When an
 B<ASYNC_JOB> is needed but there are none available in the pool already then one
 will be automatically created, as long as the total of B<ASYNC_JOB>s managed by
 the pool does not exceed I<max_size>. When the pool is first initialised
 I<init_size> B<ASYNC_JOB>s will be created immediately. If ASYNC_init_thread()
 is not called before the pool is first used then it will be called automatically
 with a I<max_size> of 0 (no upper limit) and an I<init_size> of 0 (no
 B<ASYNC_JOB>s created up front).

 An asynchronous job is started by calling the ASYNC_start_job() function.
 Initially I<*job> should be NULL. I<ctx> should point to an B<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX>
 object created through the L<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_new(3)> function. I<ret> should
 point to a location where the return value of the asynchronous function should
 be stored on completion of the job. I<func> represents the function that should
 be started asynchronously. The data pointed to by I<args> and of size I<size>
 will be copied and then passed as an argument to I<func> when the job starts.
 ASYNC_start_job will return one of the following values:

 =over 4

 =item B<ASYNC_ERR>

 An error occurred trying to start the job. Check the OpenSSL error queue (e.g.
 see L<ERR_print_errors(3)>) for more details.

 =item B<ASYNC_NO_JOBS>

 There are no jobs currently available in the pool. This call can be retried
 again at a later time.

 =item B<ASYNC_PAUSE>

 The job was successfully started but was "paused" before it completed (see
 ASYNC_pause_job() below). A handle to the job is placed in I<*job>. Other work
 can be performed (if desired) and the job restarted at a later time. To restart
 a job call ASYNC_start_job() again passing the job handle in I<*job>. The
 I<func>, I<args> and I<size> parameters will be ignored when restarting a job.
 When restarting a job ASYNC_start_job() B<must> be called from the same thread
 that the job was originally started from.

 =item B<ASYNC_FINISH>

 The job completed. I<*job> will be NULL and the return value from I<func> will
 be placed in I<*ret>.

 =back

 At any one time there can be a maximum of one job actively running per thread
 (you can have many that are paused). ASYNC_get_current_job() can be used to get
 a pointer to the currently executing B<ASYNC_JOB>. If no job is currently
 executing then this will return NULL.

 If executing within the context of a job (i.e. having been called directly or
 indirectly by the function "func" passed as an argument to ASYNC_start_job())
 then ASYNC_pause_job() will immediately return control to the calling
 application with B<ASYNC_PAUSE> returned from the ASYNC_start_job() call. A
 subsequent call to ASYNC_start_job passing in the relevant B<ASYNC_JOB> in the
 I<*job> parameter will resume execution from the ASYNC_pause_job() call. If
 ASYNC_pause_job() is called whilst not within the context of a job then no
 action is taken and ASYNC_pause_job() returns immediately.

 ASYNC_get_wait_ctx() can be used to get a pointer to the B<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX>
 for the I<job>. B<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX>s contain two different ways to notify
 applications that a job is ready to be resumed. One is a "wait" file
 descriptor, and the other is a "callback" mechanism.

 The "wait" file descriptor associated with B<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX> is used for
 applications to wait for the file descriptor to be ready for "read" using a
 system function call such as select or poll (being ready for "read" indicates
 that the job should be resumed). If no file descriptor is made available then
 an application will have to periodically "poll" the job by attempting to restart
 it to see if it is ready to continue.

 B<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX>s also have a "callback" mechanism to notify applications. The
 callback is set by an application, and it will be automatically called when an
 engine completes a cryptography operation, so that the application can resume
 the paused work flow without polling. An engine could be written to look whether
 the callback has been set. If it has then it would use the callback mechanism
 in preference to the file descriptor notifications. If a callback is not set
 then the engine may use file descriptor based notifications. Please note that
 not all engines may support the callback mechanism, so the callback may not be
 used even if it has been set. See ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_new() for more details.

 The ASYNC_block_pause() function will prevent the currently active job from
 pausing. The block will remain in place until a subsequent call to
 ASYNC_unblock_pause(). These functions can be nested, e.g. if you call
 ASYNC_block_pause() twice then you must call ASYNC_unblock_pause() twice in
 order to re-enable pausing. If these functions are called while there is no
 currently active job then they have no effect. This functionality can be useful
 to avoid deadlock scenarios. For example during the execution of an B<ASYNC_JOB>
 an application acquires a lock. It then calls some cryptographic function which
 invokes ASYNC_pause_job(). This returns control back to the code that created
 the B<ASYNC_JOB>. If that code then attempts to acquire the same lock before
 resuming the original job then a deadlock can occur. By calling
 ASYNC_block_pause() immediately after acquiring the lock and
 ASYNC_unblock_pause() immediately before releasing it then this situation cannot
 occur.

 Some platforms cannot support async operations. The ASYNC_is_capable() function
 can be used to detect whether the current platform is async capable or not.

 Custom memory allocation functions are supported for the POSIX platform.
 Custom memory allocation functions allow alternative methods of allocating
 stack memory such as mmap, or using stack memory from the current thread.
 Using an ASYNC_stack_alloc_fn callback also allows manipulation of the stack
 size, which defaults to 32k.
 The stack size can be altered by allocating a stack of a size different to
 the requested size, and passing back the new stack size in the callback's I<*num>
 parameter.

 =head1 RETURN VALUES

 ASYNC_init_thread returns 1 on success or 0 otherwise.

 ASYNC_start_job returns one of B<ASYNC_ERR>, B<ASYNC_NO_JOBS>, B<ASYNC_PAUSE> or
 B<ASYNC_FINISH> as described above.

 ASYNC_pause_job returns 0 if an error occurred or 1 on success. If called when
 not within the context of an B<ASYNC_JOB> then this is counted as success so 1
 is returned.

 ASYNC_get_current_job returns a pointer to the currently executing B<ASYNC_JOB>
 or NULL if not within the context of a job.

 ASYNC_get_wait_ctx() returns a pointer to the B<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX> for the job.

 ASYNC_is_capable() returns 1 if the current platform is async capable or 0
 otherwise.

 ASYNC_set_mem_functions returns 1 if custom stack allocators are supported by
 the current platform and no allocations have already occurred or 0 otherwise.

 =head1 NOTES

 On Windows platforms the F<< <openssl/async.h> >> header is dependent on some
 of the types customarily made available by including F<< <windows.h> >>. The
 application developer is likely to require control over when the latter
 is included, commonly as one of the first included headers. Therefore,
 it is defined as an application developer's responsibility to include
 F<< <windows.h> >> prior to F<< <openssl/async.h> >>.

 =head1 EXAMPLES

 The following example demonstrates how to use most of the core async APIs:

  #ifdef _WIN32
  # include <windows.h>
  #endif
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <unistd.h>
  #include <openssl/async.h>
  #include <openssl/crypto.h>

  int unique = 0;

  void cleanup(ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx, const void *key, OSSL_ASYNC_FD r, void *vw)
  {
      OSSL_ASYNC_FD *w = (OSSL_ASYNC_FD *)vw;

      close(r);
      close(*w);
      OPENSSL_free(w);
  }

  int jobfunc(void *arg)
  {
      ASYNC_JOB *currjob;
      unsigned char *msg;
      int pipefds[2] = {0, 0};
      OSSL_ASYNC_FD *wptr;
      char buf = 'X';

      currjob = ASYNC_get_current_job();
      if (currjob != NULL) {
          printf("Executing within a job\n");
      } else {
          printf("Not executing within a job - should not happen\n");
          return 0;
      }

      msg = (unsigned char *)arg;
      printf("Passed in message is: %s\n", msg);

      if (pipe(pipefds) != 0) {
          printf("Failed to create pipe\n");
          return 0;
      }
      wptr = OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(OSSL_ASYNC_FD));
      if (wptr == NULL) {
          printf("Failed to malloc\n");
          return 0;
      }
      *wptr = pipefds[1];
      ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_wait_fd(ASYNC_get_wait_ctx(currjob), &unique,
                                 pipefds[0], wptr, cleanup);

      /*
       * Normally some external event would cause this to happen at some
       * later point - but we do it here for demo purposes, i.e.
       * immediately signalling that the job is ready to be woken up after
       * we return to main via ASYNC_pause_job().
       */
      write(pipefds[1], &buf, 1);

      /* Return control back to main */
      ASYNC_pause_job();

      /* Clear the wake signal */
      read(pipefds[0], &buf, 1);

      printf ("Resumed the job after a pause\n");

      return 1;
  }

  int main(void)
  {
      ASYNC_JOB *job = NULL;
      ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx = NULL;
      int ret;
      OSSL_ASYNC_FD waitfd;
      fd_set waitfdset;
      size_t numfds;
      unsigned char msg[13] = "Hello world!";

      printf("Starting...\n");

      ctx = ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_new();
      if (ctx == NULL) {
          printf("Failed to create ASYNC_WAIT_CTX\n");
          abort();
      }

      for (;;) {
          switch (ASYNC_start_job(&job, ctx, &ret, jobfunc, msg, sizeof(msg))) {
          case ASYNC_ERR:
          case ASYNC_NO_JOBS:
              printf("An error occurred\n");
              goto end;
          case ASYNC_PAUSE:
              printf("Job was paused\n");
              break;
          case ASYNC_FINISH:
              printf("Job finished with return value %d\n", ret);
              goto end;
          }

          /* Wait for the job to be woken */
          printf("Waiting for the job to be woken up\n");

          if (!ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_all_fds(ctx, NULL, &numfds)
                  || numfds > 1) {
              printf("Unexpected number of fds\n");
              abort();
          }
          ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_all_fds(ctx, &waitfd, &numfds);
          FD_ZERO(&waitfdset);
          FD_SET(waitfd, &waitfdset);
          select(waitfd + 1, &waitfdset, NULL, NULL, NULL);
      }

  end:
      ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_free(ctx);
      printf("Finishing\n");

      return 0;
  }

 The expected output from executing the above example program is:

  Starting...
  Executing within a job
  Passed in message is: Hello world!
  Job was paused
  Waiting for the job to be woken up
  Resumed the job after a pause
  Job finished with return value 1
  Finishing

 =head1 SEE ALSO

 L<crypto(7)>, L<ERR_print_errors(3)>

 =head1 HISTORY

 ASYNC_init_thread, ASYNC_cleanup_thread,
 ASYNC_start_job, ASYNC_pause_job, ASYNC_get_current_job, ASYNC_get_wait_ctx(),
 ASYNC_block_pause(), ASYNC_unblock_pause() and ASYNC_is_capable() were first
 added in OpenSSL 1.1.0.

 =head1 COPYRIGHT

 Copyright 2015-2022 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.

 Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License").  You may not use
 this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
 in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
 L<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.

 =cut
	=pod

	=head1 NAME

	ASYNC_get_wait_ctx,
	ASYNC_init_thread, ASYNC_cleanup_thread, ASYNC_start_job, ASYNC_pause_job,
	ASYNC_get_current_job, ASYNC_block_pause, ASYNC_unblock_pause, ASYNC_is_capable,
	ASYNC_stack_alloc_fn, ASYNC_stack_free_fn, ASYNC_set_mem_functions, ASYNC_get_mem_functions
	- asynchronous job management functions

	=head1 SYNOPSIS

	#include <openssl/async.h>

	int ASYNC_init_thread(size_t max_size, size_t init_size);
	void ASYNC_cleanup_thread(void);

	int ASYNC_start_job(ASYNC_JOB *job, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX ctx, int *ret,
	int (func)(void ), void *args, size_t size);
	int ASYNC_pause_job(void);

	ASYNC_JOB *ASYNC_get_current_job(void);
	ASYNC_WAIT_CTX ASYNC_get_wait_ctx(ASYNC_JOB job);
	void ASYNC_block_pause(void);
	void ASYNC_unblock_pause(void);

	int ASYNC_is_capable(void);

	typedef void (ASYNC_stack_alloc_fn)(size_t *num);
	typedef void (ASYNC_stack_free_fn)(void addr);
	int ASYNC_set_mem_functions(ASYNC_stack_alloc_fn alloc_fn,
	ASYNC_stack_free_fn free_fn);
	void ASYNC_get_mem_functions(ASYNC_stack_alloc_fn *alloc_fn,
	ASYNC_stack_free_fn *free_fn);

	=head1 DESCRIPTION

	OpenSSL implements asynchronous capabilities through an B<ASYNC_JOB>. This
	represents code that can be started and executes until some event occurs. At
	that point the code can be paused and control returns to user code until some
	subsequent event indicates that the job can be resumed.

	The creation of an B<ASYNC_JOB> is a relatively expensive operation. Therefore,
	for efficiency reasons, jobs can be created up front and reused many times. They
	are held in a pool until they are needed, at which point they are removed from
	the pool, used, and then returned to the pool when the job completes. If the
	user application is multi-threaded, then ASYNC_init_thread() may be called for
	each thread that will initiate asynchronous jobs. Before
	user code exits per-thread resources need to be cleaned up. This will normally
	occur automatically (see L<OPENSSL_init_crypto(3)>) but may be explicitly
	initiated by using ASYNC_cleanup_thread(). No asynchronous jobs must be
	outstanding for the thread when ASYNC_cleanup_thread() is called. Failing to
	ensure this will result in memory leaks.

	The I<max_size> argument limits the number of B<ASYNC_JOB>s that will be held in
	the pool. If I<max_size> is set to 0 then no upper limit is set. When an
	B<ASYNC_JOB> is needed but there are none available in the pool already then one
	will be automatically created, as long as the total of B<ASYNC_JOB>s managed by
	the pool does not exceed I<max_size>. When the pool is first initialised
	I<init_size> B<ASYNC_JOB>s will be created immediately. If ASYNC_init_thread()
	is not called before the pool is first used then it will be called automatically
	with a I<max_size> of 0 (no upper limit) and an I<init_size> of 0 (no
	B<ASYNC_JOB>s created up front).

	An asynchronous job is started by calling the ASYNC_start_job() function.
	Initially I<*job> should be NULL. I<ctx> should point to an B<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX>
	object created through the L<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_new(3)> function. I<ret> should
	point to a location where the return value of the asynchronous function should
	be stored on completion of the job. I<func> represents the function that should
	be started asynchronously. The data pointed to by I<args> and of size I<size>
	will be copied and then passed as an argument to I<func> when the job starts.
	ASYNC_start_job will return one of the following values:

	=over 4

	=item B<ASYNC_ERR>

	An error occurred trying to start the job. Check the OpenSSL error queue (e.g.
	see L<ERR_print_errors(3)>) for more details.

	=item B<ASYNC_NO_JOBS>

	There are no jobs currently available in the pool. This call can be retried
	again at a later time.

	=item B<ASYNC_PAUSE>

	The job was successfully started but was "paused" before it completed (see
	ASYNC_pause_job() below). A handle to the job is placed in I<*job>. Other work
	can be performed (if desired) and the job restarted at a later time. To restart
	a job call ASYNC_start_job() again passing the job handle in I<*job>. The
	I<func>, I<args> and I<size> parameters will be ignored when restarting a job.
	When restarting a job ASYNC_start_job() B<must> be called from the same thread
	that the job was originally started from.

	=item B<ASYNC_FINISH>

	The job completed. I<*job> will be NULL and the return value from I<func> will
	be placed in I<*ret>.

	=back

	At any one time there can be a maximum of one job actively running per thread
	(you can have many that are paused). ASYNC_get_current_job() can be used to get
	a pointer to the currently executing B<ASYNC_JOB>. If no job is currently
	executing then this will return NULL.

	If executing within the context of a job (i.e. having been called directly or
	indirectly by the function "func" passed as an argument to ASYNC_start_job())
	then ASYNC_pause_job() will immediately return control to the calling
	application with B<ASYNC_PAUSE> returned from the ASYNC_start_job() call. A
	subsequent call to ASYNC_start_job passing in the relevant B<ASYNC_JOB> in the
	I<*job> parameter will resume execution from the ASYNC_pause_job() call. If
	ASYNC_pause_job() is called whilst not within the context of a job then no
	action is taken and ASYNC_pause_job() returns immediately.

	ASYNC_get_wait_ctx() can be used to get a pointer to the B<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX>
	for the I<job>. B<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX>s contain two different ways to notify
	applications that a job is ready to be resumed. One is a "wait" file
	descriptor, and the other is a "callback" mechanism.

	The "wait" file descriptor associated with B<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX> is used for
	applications to wait for the file descriptor to be ready for "read" using a
	system function call such as select or poll (being ready for "read" indicates
	that the job should be resumed). If no file descriptor is made available then
	an application will have to periodically "poll" the job by attempting to restart
	it to see if it is ready to continue.

	B<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX>s also have a "callback" mechanism to notify applications. The
	callback is set by an application, and it will be automatically called when an
	engine completes a cryptography operation, so that the application can resume
	the paused work flow without polling. An engine could be written to look whether
	the callback has been set. If it has then it would use the callback mechanism
	in preference to the file descriptor notifications. If a callback is not set
	then the engine may use file descriptor based notifications. Please note that
	not all engines may support the callback mechanism, so the callback may not be
	used even if it has been set. See ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_new() for more details.

	The ASYNC_block_pause() function will prevent the currently active job from
	pausing. The block will remain in place until a subsequent call to
	ASYNC_unblock_pause(). These functions can be nested, e.g. if you call
	ASYNC_block_pause() twice then you must call ASYNC_unblock_pause() twice in
	order to re-enable pausing. If these functions are called while there is no
	currently active job then they have no effect. This functionality can be useful
	to avoid deadlock scenarios. For example during the execution of an B<ASYNC_JOB>
	an application acquires a lock. It then calls some cryptographic function which
	invokes ASYNC_pause_job(). This returns control back to the code that created
	the B<ASYNC_JOB>. If that code then attempts to acquire the same lock before
	resuming the original job then a deadlock can occur. By calling
	ASYNC_block_pause() immediately after acquiring the lock and
	ASYNC_unblock_pause() immediately before releasing it then this situation cannot
	occur.

	Some platforms cannot support async operations. The ASYNC_is_capable() function
	can be used to detect whether the current platform is async capable or not.

	Custom memory allocation functions are supported for the POSIX platform.
	Custom memory allocation functions allow alternative methods of allocating
	stack memory such as mmap, or using stack memory from the current thread.
	Using an ASYNC_stack_alloc_fn callback also allows manipulation of the stack
	size, which defaults to 32k.
	The stack size can be altered by allocating a stack of a size different to
	the requested size, and passing back the new stack size in the callback's I<*num>
	parameter.

	=head1 RETURN VALUES

	ASYNC_init_thread returns 1 on success or 0 otherwise.

	ASYNC_start_job returns one of B<ASYNC_ERR>, B<ASYNC_NO_JOBS>, B<ASYNC_PAUSE> or
	B<ASYNC_FINISH> as described above.

	ASYNC_pause_job returns 0 if an error occurred or 1 on success. If called when
	not within the context of an B<ASYNC_JOB> then this is counted as success so 1
	is returned.

	ASYNC_get_current_job returns a pointer to the currently executing B<ASYNC_JOB>
	or NULL if not within the context of a job.

	ASYNC_get_wait_ctx() returns a pointer to the B<ASYNC_WAIT_CTX> for the job.

	ASYNC_is_capable() returns 1 if the current platform is async capable or 0
	otherwise.

	ASYNC_set_mem_functions returns 1 if custom stack allocators are supported by
	the current platform and no allocations have already occurred or 0 otherwise.

	=head1 NOTES

	On Windows platforms the F<< <openssl/async.h> >> header is dependent on some
	of the types customarily made available by including F<< <windows.h> >>. The
	application developer is likely to require control over when the latter
	is included, commonly as one of the first included headers. Therefore,
	it is defined as an application developer's responsibility to include
	F<< <windows.h> >> prior to F<< <openssl/async.h> >>.

	=head1 EXAMPLES

	The following example demonstrates how to use most of the core async APIs:

	#ifdef _WIN32
	# include <windows.h>
	#endif
	#include <stdio.h>
	#include <unistd.h>
	#include <openssl/async.h>
	#include <openssl/crypto.h>

	int unique = 0;

	void cleanup(ASYNC_WAIT_CTX ctx, const void key, OSSL_ASYNC_FD r, void *vw)
	{
	OSSL_ASYNC_FD w = (OSSL_ASYNC_FD )vw;

	close(r);
	close(*w);
	OPENSSL_free(w);
	}

	int jobfunc(void *arg)
	{
	ASYNC_JOB *currjob;
	unsigned char *msg;
	int pipefds[2] = {0, 0};
	OSSL_ASYNC_FD *wptr;
	char buf = 'X';

	currjob = ASYNC_get_current_job();
	if (currjob != NULL) {
	printf("Executing within a job\n");
	} else {
	printf("Not executing within a job - should not happen\n");
	return 0;
	}

	msg = (unsigned char *)arg;
	printf("Passed in message is: %s\n", msg);

	if (pipe(pipefds) != 0) {
	printf("Failed to create pipe\n");
	return 0;
	}
	wptr = OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(OSSL_ASYNC_FD));
	if (wptr == NULL) {
	printf("Failed to malloc\n");
	return 0;
	}
	*wptr = pipefds[1];
	ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_wait_fd(ASYNC_get_wait_ctx(currjob), &unique,
	pipefds[0], wptr, cleanup);

	/*
	* Normally some external event would cause this to happen at some
	* later point - but we do it here for demo purposes, i.e.
	* immediately signalling that the job is ready to be woken up after
	* we return to main via ASYNC_pause_job().
	*/
	write(pipefds[1], &buf, 1);

	/* Return control back to main */
	ASYNC_pause_job();

	/* Clear the wake signal */
	read(pipefds[0], &buf, 1);

	printf ("Resumed the job after a pause\n");

	return 1;
	}

	int main(void)
	{
	ASYNC_JOB *job = NULL;
	ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx = NULL;
	int ret;
	OSSL_ASYNC_FD waitfd;
	fd_set waitfdset;
	size_t numfds;
	unsigned char msg[13] = "Hello world!";

	printf("Starting...\n");

	ctx = ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_new();
	if (ctx == NULL) {
	printf("Failed to create ASYNC_WAIT_CTX\n");
	abort();
	}

	for (;;) {
	switch (ASYNC_start_job(&job, ctx, &ret, jobfunc, msg, sizeof(msg))) {
	case ASYNC_ERR:
	case ASYNC_NO_JOBS:
	printf("An error occurred\n");
	goto end;
	case ASYNC_PAUSE:
	printf("Job was paused\n");
	break;
	case ASYNC_FINISH:
	printf("Job finished with return value %d\n", ret);
	goto end;
	}

	/* Wait for the job to be woken */
	printf("Waiting for the job to be woken up\n");

	if (!ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_all_fds(ctx, NULL, &numfds)
	\|\| numfds > 1) {
	printf("Unexpected number of fds\n");
	abort();
	}
	ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_all_fds(ctx, &waitfd, &numfds);
	FD_ZERO(&waitfdset);
	FD_SET(waitfd, &waitfdset);
	select(waitfd + 1, &waitfdset, NULL, NULL, NULL);
	}

	end:
	ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_free(ctx);
	printf("Finishing\n");

	return 0;
	}

	The expected output from executing the above example program is:

	Starting...
	Executing within a job
	Passed in message is: Hello world!
	Job was paused
	Waiting for the job to be woken up
	Resumed the job after a pause
	Job finished with return value 1
	Finishing

	=head1 SEE ALSO

	L<crypto(7)>, L<ERR_print_errors(3)>

	=head1 HISTORY

	ASYNC_init_thread, ASYNC_cleanup_thread,
	ASYNC_start_job, ASYNC_pause_job, ASYNC_get_current_job, ASYNC_get_wait_ctx(),
	ASYNC_block_pause(), ASYNC_unblock_pause() and ASYNC_is_capable() were first
	added in OpenSSL 1.1.0.

	=head1 COPYRIGHT

	Copyright 2015-2022 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.

	Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use
	this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
	in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
	L<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.

	=cut